Linux command logging

Disk Management Command LS command: Train directory contents

-A or-all will list all files and directories, note hidden files, special directories

-l Query verbose format list

-t sort by the change time of the file or directory

-R Reverse Sort

Ls-l shorthand for ll

Ll-h Friendly Show

D: Directory,-normal file, L link

Requirements: Show content in a directory

Location:/root

Want to see the contents of the/etc directory

Command: ll-h/etc

CD Switch Directory

Cd.. /, up one level

cd/directory name, any directory switch to the specified directory

CD ~, Current user Directory

CD/, root directory

CD-, Last Directory

Cd.. , Top level Directory

Absolute path: cd/etc/x1 first switch to/directory (root directory), then to/directory to find subdirectories etc, in etc in the sub-directory x1, in any directory can be arbitrary switch.

Relative path: CD x1/x2 in the current directory looking for subdirectories x1, looking for subdirectories x2 in X1. You must determine the directory X1 in the current directory.

PWD (Print work directory): Show working directory mkdir command: Create directory

mkdir the folder name to create the directory t1.

1, create directory T1

Command: mkdir t1

2, create the T2 in the/ROOT/T1 directory:

Command: Relative path: mkdir t1/t2 absolute path: mkdir/root/t1/t2

3, you need to create T4 under/root/t3, but neither T3 nor T4 exist.

-P Parent Directory does not exist in the case of Mr. Cheng parent Directory

Command: Mkdir-p t3/t4

4,-V displays detailed information during the execution of the command.

Command: MKDIR-PV t3/t4

rmdir command: Delete empty directory

File Browse command

Browse: Log files, xml,properties file

Cat file Name: Quick view of current file contents

Cat is suitable for viewing a small amount of information files and cannot view large files

More Features: page display of the contents of the file, but also support direct jump

Syntax: more file

Action: Enter down n rows,

SPACEBAR: Scroll down one screen or ctrl+f.

B: Return to the previous layer or ctr+b

Q: Quit more.

LESS-MN File Name: page displays the contents of the files, labels each line number, operation more detailed

Syntax: less [parameter] file

-m shows a percentage similar to the more command

-N Displays line numbers per line.

Action: Enter down n rows,

SPACEBAR: Scroll down one screen or ctrl+f.

B: Return to the previous layer or ctr+b

Q: Quit more.

Suitable for viewing large numbers of files.

Tail-Digital file name: Quick View Files Available after X lineThe content.

For example: taill-10 file name. View the following 10 lines of the file.

File Operations Command File copy: (copy)---CP: Copy files or copy directories. To copy a file:

The location where the CP needs to copy the files that need to be copied

Requirements: Copy the/root/demo1.java to the/ROOT/T1 directory

Location:/root

Command: CP Demo1.java T1 (relative path)

CP/ROOT/DEMO1.JAVA/ROOT/T1 (absolute path)

Requirements: Copy the/root/demo1.java to the/ROOT/T1 directory, renamed: Ddd.java

Location:/root

Command: CP Demo1.java T1/ddd.java (relative path)

Cp/root/demo1.java/root/t1/ddd.java (absolute path)

To copy a directory:

Cp-r where the copied files are to be copied to

-R or-recursive recursive processing, the files under the specified directory and subdirectories are processed together.

Requirements: Copy the/ROOT/T5 directory to the/ROOT/T3

Location:/root

Command: Cp-r T5 T3

Cp-r/ROOT/T5/ROOT/T3

MV Command: Move or rename an existing file or directory

File/directory Move:

Where the MV needs to move the moved files

Parameters:-F or Force if the destination file or directory is duplicated with an existing file or directory, overwrite the existing file or directory

Requirement: Move the/ROOT/T5 to the/ROOT/T3

Location:/root

Command: MV T5 T3

Requirements: Move/root/t5 to/ROOT/T3 under the/ROOT/T3 there is already a T5 directory, in the mobile fit, do not ask, direct coverage

Location:/root

Command: MV- F T5 T3

File/directory rename operation:

Requirement: Renaming/root/demo1.java to: Hehe.java

Location:/root

MV Demo.java Hehe.java (equivalent to moving the file to the current directory and renaming Hehe.java)

File Delete: RM (remove) Feature: Delete files or directories

To delete a file:

RM file name (relative path or absolute path)

Parameter:-F or-force Force Delete file or directory

-R or-R or-recursive recursive processing, delete all files and subdirectories in the specified directory .

Command: Rm-f Demo.java

To delete a directory:

RM-RF Directory Name

Requirement: Delete/root/t5 directory

Location:/root

Known: The T5 directory has subdirectories or files

Command: RM-RF T5.

Attention:

rm-rf* Delete all content in the current directory

rm-rf/* Delete all content from the root of the Linux system ( cannot be executed casually ).

File lookup: Find command

Find features: Finding files or directories

Syntax: Find directory name-name ' string to look for '

-NAME specifies a string as a template style for finding a file or directory.

* Represents 0 or more arbitrary characters

Instance:

Requirements: Find all files or directories in the/root directory that begin with test

Command: find/root/-name ' test* '

Text editing commands

Notepad features:

VIM: Command

• Enter "Vim file name" into general mode
• Press "I" to enter insert mode from general mode
• Sequence "ESC" exits from insert mode to normal mode
• In general mode, enter "Wq" to exit the edit

General mode: Can be used to browse the contents of the file, can be used for text shortcuts, single copy, multi-line replication, one-line deletion, multi-line deletion.

Insert mode: Can edit text content,

Bottom-line mode:

The exit operation ( not saved ) can be q!,

You can save and exit the operation Wq.

grep and piping

Pipeline command: Available links to multiple Linux commands: | (Shift \)

The grep regular expression string searches for work, conforms to the rules, and returns rows that conform to the rule.

Parameter:-I (ignore) ignores case: Grep-i class Demo1.java.

Format: grep needs to search for a string of files to be searched

For example, the following command:grep class Demo1.java, searching for class from the Demo1.java file,

Returns the line containing the class.

Requirement: Queries the current directory for all row data with the INS keyword.

Location:/root

Thinking: Querying the contents of the current directory:ll

Query string that returns the string where the row grep

Command: LL | grep ins

Indicates: From the result of the LL command, query ' ins ' to return the row.

Compress, unzip the command "important"

Linux compression, decompression commands.

Linux Compressed package: *.tar Packaging, size is not compressed.

*.TAR.GZ package and compress the size of the file.

Parameters:

-C Create a parameter directive for a compressed file: (create)-compression

-X unlocks a compressed file parameter directive (extract)-Unzip

-Z is compressed with gzip

-V file display during compression (verbose)

-F Use file name, immediately after F to receive the file name (file)

Common decompression parameter combination: ZXVF

Common compression parameter combination: ZCVF

Compression command (parameter order cannot be changed):

TAR-ZCVF compressed package name. tar.gz What needs to be compressed

For example: TAR-ZCVF hehe.tar.gz *: Package The contents of the current directory compressed, file name hehe.tar.gz.

Decompression command (parameter order cannot be changed):

TAR-ZXVF the name of the compressed package to extract (unzip to the current directory)

　　TAR-ZXVF need to unzip the name of the compressed package-c Specifies the compressed path (extracted into the specified directory)

Example: TAR-ZXVF hehe.tar.gz (unzip the current directory)

Requirements: The/root/t5/hehe.tar.gz compressed package needs to be extracted to the specified directory. Specify directory:/ROOT/T5/T5

Location:/ROOT/T5

Command: TAR-ZXVF hehe.tar.gz-c/root/t5/t5 (or relative path: T5)

System commands: Viewing system processes: PS (process status)

Parameters:-E The effect of this parameter is the same as specifying the "A" parameter, showing all programs

-F Display uid,ppip,c and Stime fields

UID: The process belongs to which user opened the

PID: Process ID. Used to kill the process

CMD: Indicates the program that the process corresponds to, or the location of the program.

Requirements: View processes, and vim-related processes

Command: PS-EF | Grep-i vim

Kill process: Kill

Force kill a process: kill-9 PID number

Requirements: Review the process, what the VIM-related processes are, and kill the vim process.

Command: PS-EF | Grep-i vim

Kill-9 24554

ifconfig command: Show Network device ping: test and target connectivity

The ping continues to be tested until CTRL + C.

Rebot: Restart command halt: Shut down now

Other commands

Network setup: Setup

We recommend using CRT to run the command, there will be Chinese interface

Linux command logging