Linux Common Command Collation 20150823

Project	Command	Command explanation	Example description
Text View commands	Cat	View the file as text, from the first line to the last line	Command format: Cat [OPTION] ... [FILE] ... -N option with line number -E: Display line terminator -V: Display nonprinting characters Example Cat-n-e/etc/fstab with line number Shenzhen fstab content, and display line terminator Cat/etc/shells Direct display of shell types
Text View commands	Tac	Features similar to Cat, from the last line to the first line	Command format: tac[option] ... [FILE] ... Example: Cat/etc/shells
Text View commands	More	Show files: More rear end does not support forward flipping -D: Display page with Exit prompt Quick: Space: one screen back Enter: one line backward B: one screen ahead	Command format: More [options] file [...] Example: MORE/ETC/PASSWD MORE–D/ETC/PASSWD Show passwd file with quick tips
Text View commands	Less	Display file, support search, less tail support forward rollover /search keywords? search keywords N: Next with the same direction as the command N: The previous one in the opposite direction of the command Quick: E or return line after row y previous line F Forward one screen B back to one screen D Forward half screen u back half screen	Command format: Less [OPTION] ... FILE ... Example: LESS/ETC/PASSWD
Text View commands	Tail	Outputs the display from the specified location (can specify rows, bytes, etc.) If the file is displayed by default after 10 lines	Command format: tail [options] file [...] -C--byte=k Output last byte position output file Example: Tail–c 20/etc/passwd output from the last 20 characters of the file Example: TAIL–F/ETC/PASSWD the same as the TAIL/ETC/PASSWD output, 10 lines after the default file Tail–f–n 11/etc/passwd display after 11 lines Tail–f file name is used to display the added content
Text View commands	Head	Outputs the file from the specified location, starting at the beginning of the file header. The default is the first 10 rows	Command format: Head [options] file [...] Example: Head-n 11/etc/passwd show passwd top 11 rows of files Head-c 11/ETC/PASSWD Display the first 11 characters of the passwd file
File content View	File	File content Type view commands, file types include UTF-8, binary, ASCII, etc.	Command format: File [OPTION ...] [FILE ...] Example: File/etc/shells input as "ASCII text"
Command History view	History	View history commands to invoke execution	Command format: Reference help History -C Empty command history-D #: Deletes the specified command #号编号 Example HISTORY–D42 Delete 42 rows of records History 20, displaying the last 20 rows directly, starting with the final record !! Executes the last command executed !39; command to display line 39th in the history record
Command aliases	Alias	Device Command aliases	command Format Alias:alias [-P] [Name[=value] ...] Example: Alias output an existing configuration alias Alias printwd=pwd configuration pwd is aliased to PRINTWD
Command aliases	Unalias	Canceling command aliases	command Format Unalias [-a] name [name ...] -A refers to all Example: Unalias printwd cancel PRINTWD's life
Directory Management Classes	Mkdir	Create a Directory	Command format: mkdir [OPTION] ... DIRECTORY ... -P Create parent Directory -V Show creation process Example: Mkdir-pv/tmp/51cto/{x,y}_{m,n} creates a 51cto directory under the TMP directory, and X_m, X_n, Y_m, Y_n directory
Directory Management Classes	RmDir	Delete directory, valid only for empty directory	Command format: rmdir [OPTION] ... DIRECTORY ... Example: RmDir 51cto directly delete the 51cto empty directory RMDIR-PV./{x,y}_{m,n}, delete empty directories under Tmp/51cto directory for X_m, X_n, Y_m, Y_n
Directory Management Classes	DirName	If it is a file: Remove the file name (part of the non-directory) from the given file name that contains the absolute path, and then return the remaining path (part of the directory) If the directory will output the top level	Command format: dirname [OPTION] NAME ... Example: Dirname/tmp/51cto/x_m display the top level directory of the current directory The dirname/etc/yum.conf output is "/etc
Directory Management Classes	BaseName	If the directory is later displayed, the current directory is not displayed before the absolute path portion of the current directory If it is a file, only the file is displayed	Command format: BaseName NAME [SUFFIX] BaseName OPTION ... NAME ... Example: The basename/tmp/51cto/x_m output is: x_m basename/etc/yum.conf output to Yum.conf
	touch	Time access times, Modify time and change times, also included in version 7, birth the change  the system automatically manages	Command format: Touch [ OPTION] ... FILE ... -a means that only modified access time -M represents the Modify time update Example: Touch tailfile tailfile file Atime, mtime, CTime update to current time Touch-a-T 20140 8241304.20 tailfile Modify Tailfile file Atime is August 24, 2014 Touch-m-T 201408241304.20 tailfile Modify the Mtime for the Tailfile file to August 24, 2014 touch/tmp/testing Create testing empty file
	CP	Copy files and directories, copy source to target, or multiple sources to the target source is a file:    1: If the target does not exist, create a new directory and copy the source file to the catalog file   2: If the target is present, overwrite if the target is a file, if the target has the same name in the directory, Copy the source content to the destination file	command format: CP [OPTION] ... [-T] SOURCE DEST CP [OPTION] ... SOURCE ... Directory CP [OPTION] ...-t DIRECTORY SOURCE ... -r-r Recursive replication  -D do not track symbolic links   -A All permissions  -I interactive  -F Force   -V Display procedure Example: cp-r./51cto. /51ctobak  Copy all files in the 51cto directory to the 51ctobak directory         If you do this again, create a new 51cto catalog in the 51ctobak directory Cp–r-v./51cto storage.log./51ctobak Copy the files and Storage.log in the 51cto directory to the 51ctobak directory (requires the 51ctobak directory to be created first) and display the copy process
File Manager	Mv	Move or rename a file or directory	Command format: MV [OPTION] ... [-T] SOURCE DEST MV [OPTION] ... SOURCE ... DIRECTORY MV [OPTION] ...-t DIRECTORY SOURCE ... -F Mandatory, silent-I interaction Example: MV 51ctobak 51cto Change directory 51ctobakg to 51cto Mv-v/tmp/51cto/51cto/tailfile/tmp/51ctobak Copying files to the 51ctobak directory MV Tailfile tailfile2015 Change tailfile file in the same directory to tailfile2015
File Manager	Rm	Delete files or directories, remove directories By default, add-R or-R options	Command format: RM [OPTION] ... FILE ... -F Force Delete-I interactive mode-r–r remove directories and subdirectories Example: Rm-v-F 1.txt Delete the current directory? 1.txt file Rm-r-f-v 51cto Delete 51cto directory with all of the following files
Text Processing	Tr	deleted, converted characters from standard output	Command format: TR [OPTION] ... SET1 [SET2] -D Delete all characters in the specified character set Example: Cat trfile|tr "abc" "MNO" >newfile replace "abc" in A.txt file with an MnO "and save in A.txt Cat trfile|tr [: Lower:] [: upper:]>upper.txt convert trfile all lowercase to uppercase saved in upper Tr-d ' a-c ' <upper.txt removes a-c characters from the Upper.txt file, and the output displays Ifconfig|tr ' A-Z ' A-z ' output ifconfig content is uppercase IFCONFIG|TR [: Lower:] [: Upper:] The result is the same as above
Multi-directional	Tee	Read-write from standard input file to output file, used with pipeline, multiple output redirection	Command format: Tee [OPTION] ... [FILE] ... Example: Cat upper.txt|tee file1.txt file2.txt upper.txt file output file1.txt and File2.txt Ls/tmp/51cto|tee tmp51ctofile.txt Copy the contents of the Tmp/51cto directory to the Temp51cto
Text Processing Tools	Wc	File Word Count Statistics	Command format: Synopsis WC [OPTION] ... [FILE] ... WC [OPTION] ...--files0-from=f -L line number –m character-C byte-l maximum Length-W word number Example: Wc-l file1.txt Output file file1.txt number of rows Wc–l file1.txt length of the longest line Wc-w file1.txt file file1 number of words
Text Processing Tools	Cut	Remove information from a line in a file that does not need to be displayed	Command format: Cut OPTION ... [FILE] ... -D: Indicates the delimiter default space -F: Indicates the field to be displayed m: column per m m,n n column per m, M-n, m-n column Example: Cut-d:-f1,6/etc/passwd display passwd file with: As delimiter, show 1–2 and every 6 fields
	sort	text file content sort	Command format: sort [OPTION] ... [FILE] ...             -r: Reverse             -F: Ignore character case             -u: Sort after            -t CHAR: Specify delimiter            -K #: Field             -N: Indicates a numeric size Example: Sort-t:-k3/etc/passwd  Displays the passwd file under the ETC directory, The third field is sorted by a colon delimiter (ASCII code in characters) Sort–n-t:-k3/etc/passwd ibid., by value size
Text Processing Tools	Uniq	Omit duplicate rows for continuous repetition only. If the display is unique, you can use the sort file |uniq to display	Command format: Uniq [OPTION] ... [FILE] ... -C Times -D displays only duplicate rows -U print only rows that are not duplicated Example: Uniq uniq.txt Show content in Uniq, repeat only once

Linux Common Command Collation 20150823