Linux common commands (i) Linux switch, restart, and text interface and graphical interface interchange

1. Switch Machine reboot restart:

shutdown [-effhknr][-t seconds] [TIME] [warning message] Shutdown:

Shutdown [-effhknr][-t number of seconds] Time [Warning message] Shutdown:-C When executing"shutdown-h 12:50"command, just press +key to interrupt the shutdown instruction. -f do not perform fsck when restarting. -F perform fsck on restart. -h shut down the system. -K just sends out information to all users, but does not actually shut down. -N does not call the INIT program to shut down, but by shutdown itself. -r shutdown after reboot. -t< Number of seconds >How many seconds to delay between sending the warning message and deleting the message.　[TIME] Set how long after the shutdown instruction is executed. [Warning message] information to be transmitted to all logged-in users. Such as: The system will shut down after 2 minutes and restart immediately, and send a message "Shutdowninch2m later ... "To all login users shutdown–r-T5+2Shutdowninch2m later

After 2 minutes, the system restarts automatically:

Such as: The system will shut down after 2 minutes and do not restart, and send the message "shutdown in 2m later ..." to all login users

Shutdown–h +2 in 2m later ...

After 2 minutes, the machine shuts down automatically and does not restart:

Close the machine now:

Shutdown-h now

2. Graphical interface and text interface switch:

A. Default toggle: Modify the Initdefault parameter in the/etc/inittab file to modify the default startup graphical interface or the text interface, 3 is the default entry text
Interface, 5 is the default to enter the graphical interface:

Vim Inittab:

Can see now is id:3, command mode, to switch the graphical interface, only need to change to 5:

After the modification, save and exit, so that the next time you restart the default will automatically enter the graphical interface:
Reboot (this time I found that the virtual machine does not have a graphical interface of the suite, so can not enter the GUI, for their own installation with the graphical interface suite
CentOS to use it)

After repeating the above operation, reboot: "There is a problem here, the CentOS 7 start-up is managed by SYSTEMD."

Cat /etc/inittab:

This needs to be modified as follows:

rm /etc/systemd/system/default.target First delete the file , ln -sf/lib/systemd/system/ graphical.target/etc/systemd/system/default.target Create a soft link and then reboot:

To switch to command mode again:

rm -rf/etc/systemd/system/default.targetln -sf/lib/systemd/system/multi-user.target/ etc/systemd/system/Default.targetb. Real-time switching: Systemctl isolate multi-user.target (or) Systemctl isolate Runlevel3.targetsystemctl isolate Graphical.target (or) Systemctl isolate Runlevel5.target "can also be directly startx"

Linux common commands (i) Linux switch, restart, and text interface and graphical interface interchange