Linux common shell commands ls and linuxshell commands ls
Ls: view the file name and directory. Usage: $ ls [Option]
1. $ ls
Directly enter the ls command to list all files and directories in the current directory without displaying details, such as type, size, and date permissions.
2. $ ls-l
-L option. One record is displayed on each line and the file and directory information is displayed in a long list, including the file type, size, modification date and time, permissions, users, and groups.
If the following content is displayed:
Drwxr-xr-x 2 userName groupName 4096 Sep 18 10: 51
Drwxr-xr-x 2 userName groupName 4096 Jul 2 07:47 Documents ents
Drwxr-xr-x 2 userName groupName 4096 Jul 2 07:47 Downloads
-Rw-r -- 1 userName groupName 0 Sep 18 :43 hello.txt
The output line above contains seven fields, each of which has different meanings:
Field 1: file type and permissions. The first character indicates the file type. The specific conditions include: d: Directory;-: common file; s: Socket file; l: Link file.
Rwxr-xr-x indicates the File Permission.
Field 2: Number of links. 1 indicates that only one file is linked to this file.
Field 3: Owner
Field 4: User Group
Field 5: file size, in bytes
Field 6: last modification date of the file
Field 7: File Name
3. $ ls-lh
-The lh option can display the file size as a regular reading style, for example:
Drwxr-xr-x 2 lipan 4.0 K Sep 18 10: 51
4. $ ls-F
-F option to classify different file types with different special characters
Init/linux-sound-base/ufw/
Klibc-P2s_k-gf23VtrGgO2_4pGkQgwMY.so * lsb/x86_64-linux-gnu/
Libcryptsetup. so.4 @ modprobe. d/xtables/hello.txt
/: Indicates the Directory
@: Indicates the link file.
*: Indicates the executable file.
None: indicates a common file.
5. $ ls-R
-R option to recursively list the content of a directory
6. $ ls-ls
-Ls option to list files and directories in descending order of file size in long list format)
7. $ ls-
-Option a lists all files and directories including hidden files or directories, including "." (current directory) and "." (parent directory)
8. $ ls-
-A option to list all files and directories including hidden files or directories, excluding "." (current directory) and "." (parent directory)
9. $ ls-n
-N option. output is similar to-l option, but uid and gid are used instead of owner and user group.