Linux common shell commands ls

Linux common shell commands ls
Ls: view the file name and directory. Usage: $ ls [Option] 1. $ ls: directly enter the ls command to list all files and directories in the current directory, without displaying detailed information, such as type, size, and date permissions. 2. $ ls-l option. One record is displayed in each line and the file and directory information is displayed in a long list, including file type, size, modification date and time, permissions, users and groups. If the following content is displayed: drwxr-xr-x 2 userName groupName 4096 Sep 18 too topdrwxr-xr-x 2 userName groupName 4096 Jul 2 Documentsdrwxr-xr-x 2 userName groupName 4096 Jul 2 Downloads-rw- rw-r -- 1 userName groupName 0 Sep 18 hello.txt the output line above has 7 fields, each field has a different meaning: Field 1: file type and permissions. The first character indicates the file type. The specific conditions include: d: Directory;-: common file; s: Socket file; l: the link file rwxr-xr-x indicates the permission of the file. Field 2: Number of links. 1 indicates that only one file is linked to this file. Field 3: Owner field 4: User Group Field 5: file size, unit byte field 6: file Last modified Date Field 7: File Name 3. the $ ls-lh option displays the file size in a regular format, such as drwxr-xr-x 2 lipan 4.0 K Sep 18 Desktop 4. $ ls-F option, will use different special characters to categorize different file types init/linux-sound-base/ufw/klibc-P2s_k-gf23VtrGgO2_4pGkQgwMY.so * lsb/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcryptsetup. so.4 @ modprobe. d/xtables/hello.txt/: indicates the directory @: indicates the link file *: indicates the executable file does not exist: indicates the normal file 5. $ ls-R option, recursively listing the content of a directory 6. the $ ls-ls option lists the files and directories (in descending order) in the long list format. $ ls-a option will list all files and directories, including ". "(current directory) and" .. "(parent directory) 8. $ ls-A option to list all files and directories including hidden files or directories, excluding ". "(current directory) and" .. "(parent directory) 9. $ ls-n option. output is similar to-l option, but uid and gid are used instead of owner and user group.