Linux Directory architecture detailed

One of the notable differences between Linux and the Windows operating system is the diversity of directory schemas. The directory architecture of the Linux operating system follows file system hierarchy standards. I wonder if you use the LS command to browse the Linux root directory "/", dear readers, do you know what these directories mean?

ls-l/Traverse File system (click to see larger image)

This article will guide you through the Linux directory architecture and explain the meaning of each important directory.

/-Root

is often called a root partition. All the files and directories begin. Only the root user has write access to this directory.

/bin-Users can execute files

This directory contains binary executables. Linux uses this directory's commands in Single-user mode. This directory contains common commands for all users, such as LS, Ping, CP, and so on.

/sbin-System executable file

The commands in this directory are primarily for system administrators to use for system maintenance. For example, Iptables, reboot, Fdisk and so on.

/etc-Configuration file

Contains configuration files for all applications, as well as scripts to start and close a particular program, such as/etc/resolv.conf,/etc/logrotate.conf, and so on.

/dev-device files

Contains device files. In Linux, everything is considered a file. Terminal devices, USB, disks, etc. are considered files, such as/dev/usbmon0.

/proc-Process information

Information for all system processes is contained in the/proc directory. The/proc directory is not a real file system, but it contains process information running. For example, the/proc directory contains process information. The/proc directory also contains system resource information, such as the/proc/uptime contains the normal uptime of the most recent boot,/proc/cpuinfo contains processor information, and so on.

/var-Variable file

/var is a scalable directory that contains variable files. For example,/var/log (System log),/var/lib (package),/var/mail (mail),/var/spool (print queue).

/usr-user program

Store executable files, source code, and documentation for user applications. /usr/bin contains user executable files, such as at, awk, CC, and so on. /usr/sbin contains system administrator executables, such as Cron, sshd, Useradd, and so on. /usr/local contains applications that the user compiles the source code installation, such as/usr/local/apache2.

/home-User home directory

Store the user's private files.

/boot-Boot load file

The files that need to be loaded when the Linux system starts. Kernel INITRD, grub and other files are stored here.

/lib-System library files

The executables in/bin and/sbin require support for/lib library files. Library files are usually named "LD" or "ld*.so", such as ld-2.11.1.so.

/opt-Optional Applications

/OPT is used to install optional applications for independent software vendors.

/mnt-Mount directory

Mount point, which the system administrator can use to temporarily mount the file system.

/media-removable media devices

Mount removable media devices such as/media/cdrom,/media/floppy, and so on.

/srv-Service data

The SRV representation service, where all service data for the server is stored in this directory.