Linux file Management Class command Summary (usage and options)

1. What are the file management commands on Linux, their commonly used methods and their related examples?

First, the file Rights Management class command

Chown: Changing the file owner

chown [OPTION] ... [OWNER] [: [GROUP]] FILE ...

Common Parameters-R: Recursive modification (change directories and files in the directory)

Example: # Chown-r Root/tmp/issue

# Chown-r Root:root/tmp/issue

chown [OPTION] ...--reference=rfile FILE ...

Example: # chmod--reference=/tmp/issue/tmp/fstab

CHGRP: Changing the owning group of a file

Usage, the parameters are basically the same as Chown:

Example: # chgrp Root/tmp/issue

chmod: Changing the permissions of a file

chmod [OPTION] ... Mode[,mode] ... FILE ...

MODE: Modify a class of permissions

u=

g=

o=

ug=

u=,g=

A=

Note:u is the owner, G belongs to the group, O is the other, A is all

Example: # chmod A=rwx/tmp/issue

Modify a bit or some bit permission for a class of users

u+

U-

...

Example: # chmod U+x/tmp/issue

chmod [OPTION] ... Octal-mode FILE ...

-R: Recursive modification (changing directories to include files)

Example: # Chmod-r 777/tmp/issue

chmod [OPTION] ...--reference=rfile FILE ...

Refer to the permissions of the Rfile file to change file to the same rfile:

Example: # Chmod-r--reference=/tmp/issue/tmp/fstab

Umask: Mask code when a file or directory is created (valid only for the current shell)

Catalogue with 777-umask

File with 666-umask

Note: If there is an X permission in the result of a class of user whose permissions are reduced, its permissions +1

Umask: View

Umask #: Setting

Second, Text processing tools

WC command: Count the number of words, number of lines, number of bytes

WC [OPTION] ... [FILE] ...

WC [OPTION] ...--files0-from=f

-l:line Display of rows

-w:words number of words

-c:characters Number of bytes

Example: Wc/tmp/issue

Cut command: Cut text

Cut OPTION ... [FILE] ...

-D: Indicates that the delimiter default is a space

-F: Specify display paragraph

#: The exact first few fields

#,#[,#]: Discrete multiple fields

#-#: Multiple consecutive fields, for example: 1-6

Mixed use: 1-3,7

--output-delimiter=string

Example: # cut-d:-f1-3/etc/passwd

Sort command: Sort

Sort [OPTION] ... [FILE] ...

Sort [OPTION] ...--files0-from=f

-F,--ignore-case ignoring character case

-R,--reverse reverse order

-T DELIMITER: Field delimiter

-K #: Sort by specified field

-N: Sorting by numeric size

-u:unip, go to re-display

Uniq command: Do not sort only go heavy

Uniq [OPTION] ... [FILE] ...

-d:--repeated only duplicate rows are displayed

-u:--unique Show only rows that are not duplicates

-c:--count shows the number of repetitions in the prefix

Note: Consecutive and identical sides are duplicates

Iii. Document Management Command CP,MV,RM

Cp:copy Copy command

CP [OPTION] ... [-T] SOURCE DEST

CP [OPTION] ... SOURCE ... DIRECTORY

CP [OPTION] ...-t DIRECTORY SOURCE ...

CP SRC DEST

SRC is a file:

If the target does not exist: Create a new dest and populate the SRC content into dest:

If the directory exists:

If Dest is a file: overwrites the content in SRC to dest

We recommend that you use the-i option for the CP command:

If Dest is a directory: Create a new file with the same name as the original file under Dest and populate the contents of SRC with the new file

CP SRC ... DEST

Src... : Multiple Files

Dest must exist and be directory, other situations will be error:

CP SRC DEST

SRC is the directory

Then use the option:-R

If Dest does not exist: Create destination directory, copy all files in src directory to dest

If dest exists:

If Dest is a file, an error

If Dest is a directory, copy to this directory

Common options:

-I: Interactive

-R: Recursively replicate all contents in directory and directory

-A; Archive backup (Saving all the original properties of the document) is equivalent to-DR--preserv-all

-d:--no-dereference--preserv=links

--preserv=[attr_list]

Mode: Permissions

Ownership: Belong to the main group

Timestamp: Time stamp

Links

Xattr:

Context

All

-p:--preserv=mode,ownership,timestamp

-v:--verbose Show Details

-T: Original and Target can be reversed

-f:--force Mandatory

Mv:move Moving files

MV [OPTION] ... [-T] SOURCE DEST

MV [OPTION] ... SOURCE ... DIRECTORY

MV [OPTION] ...-t DIRECTORY SOURCE ...

Common options:

-f:--force Mandatory

-I: Interactive

Rm:remove Delete

RM [OPTION] ... FILE ...

Common options:

-f:--force Mandatory

-I: Interactive

-R: Recursive delete

RM-RF: Forced deletion of directories with files

Four, text File View class command: Cat,tac,more,less,tail,head

Cat (TAC): Forward (reverse) display

Cat [OPTION] ... [FILE] ...

-E: Display line terminator $

-N: Numbering each line displayed

NL: Add line number display

MORE: One page, one page turn screen

More[options ...] FILE ...

-D: Show page flipping and exit tips

Usage:

Space: Page Down

Enter: Turn down one line

B,carl+b: Turn Back Page

/string: Query the string down

: F: Displays the file name and the number of rows currently displayed

Q: Leave

Less: one page, one page flip screen

Less[options ...] FILE ...

Usage:

Space,carl+v or +f or +f page Down

b carl+b turn the screen to the file header

D carl+d half-screen to the tail of the file

U carl+u turn half screen to file header

Enter or Carl+n or E or carl+e or J or carl+]: Flip a line to the end of the file

Y or Carl+y or carl+p or K or carl+k: Flip a line to the file header

Q exit

# Jump to # # line

1 g: Back to File header

G: Back to file tail

Head: View Front # lines

Head[options ...] [FILE ...]

-C #: Specify get before # bytes

-N #: Specifies the first # line to get

-#: Specifies the first # line to get

Tail: View the following # lines

Tail[options ...] [FILE ...]

-C #: Specifies the # bytes after fetching

-N #: Specifies the # line after fetch

-#: Specifies the # line after fetching

-F: View file to tail do not exit, continue to observe the file subsequent content

V. File Timestamp management tool: Touch

Touch: Modify file time or create file

Touch[options ...] FILE ...

-a:only Atime

-m:only Mtime

-t:stamp

Month Day hour minute seconds

-C: If the file does not exist, it is not created

Vi. file Content Type view command: File

File/path/to/somewhere

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Linux file Management Class command Summary (usage and options)