Linux File System Basics

/Bin: stores the most common executable files in the system.

/Boot: stores Linux kernel and system startup files, including Grub and lilo boot programs.

/Dev: stores all device files, including hard disk, partition, mouse, USB, tty

/Etc: stores all configuration files of the system.

/Home: default location of the user directory

/Media: the Ubuntu system automatically mounts the CD-ROM, floppy drive, and USB storage period, and stores the files temporarily read.

/Mnt: This directory is usually used as the mount point of the mounted file

Absolute path: the exact location of the file in the system.

Relative Path: the location of a file or directory relative to the current location of the user

File Type

-Common files

B. input and output files

C character Device File

D contains several files or subdirectories

L only keeps the file address, not the file itself

A mechanism for inter-process communication. It is a temporary file used for inter-process communication.

S is an application interface used for inter-process communication and communication between two computers

Mkdir-p indicates creating nested subdirectories.

Column: mkdir-p dir1/dir2/dir3

Rmdir-p: recursively Delete sub-Directories

Column: rmdir-p dir1/dir2/dir3 (equivalent to rm-r dir1)

Chmod: change file attributes

Chmod-R changes the attributes of this directory and all files below.

Hard connection: Use the physical number-inode allocated to each file in linux to establish a connection.

Hard: ln target link: target indicates the file, and link indicates the created connection name.

Soft connection: Use the path name of the file to establish a connection.

Soft: ln-s target link: target indicates the file, and link indicates the created connection name.

Tar:

-X release an archive file

-C. Create a new archive file

-V displays the entire archiving and release process.

-F: Specifies the file name of the archive object. Otherwise, the default name is used.

-J: Archive generated by tar and compressed by bzip2

-Z: Archive generated by tar and compressed by gzip

Column: tar-cjf example.tar example: returns all examplefiles to the archive, and uses bzip2compressed file example.tar

Tar-czf example.tar example archive all examplefiles and use gzipcompressed file example.tar

Tar -xvzfexample.tar. bz is equivalent to extracting and releasing the tar file.

Tar -xvjfexample.tar.gz