Linux Course notes Day01 course content Summary

System Installation:

Boot entry brief: After the "boot:" prompt:

1. Direct Enter (enter)--graphical interface installation mode
2. Linux text--character Interface installation mode
3. Linux askmethod--prompts the user to choose an installation method (for example: NFS, FTP, HTTP Remote installation)
4. Linux rescue--Rescue mode, such as repair after/etc/fstab file corruption
5. memtest86--Detecting Memory

(a) Select the installation method

Enter the Linux text into the character installation interface mode, characterized by convenient, fast.

(b) Whether the optical discs are inspected

You do not generally need to check the disc, you can choose "Skip". You can bring more than one set of discs to ensure that a normal disc can be used, so you do not have to check the disc, and for the way you use network installation, you do not need a disc.

(iii) Welcome interface

Enter directly to enter the next step.

(iv) Select the installation language

It is best to choose Chinese, you can learn English, not because of non-English department and some bugs exist. Direct Enter.

(v) Keyboard selection

Select the American keyboard and enter directly.

(vi) Formatting a partitioned table

Tip the created virtual partition table is unreadable and asks if you want to format the partitioned table, and the warning deletes all data. Enter confirmation directly.

(vii) How to create a partitioned table

We select the custom installation, select the bottom option, then press two times tab, then enter to confirm.

(eight) custom partition table

There is a row of shortcut keys below the custom partition layout chart, which we can use to quickly perform operations such as adding partitions or deleting partitions. Where F2 represents a new partition, F3 represents a modified partition, F4 represents a delete partition, and F12 indicates OK.

Linux system requirements for partitions, the following are primary partitions.

(a) Minimum of/and swap two partitions

(b) The role of swap (swap partition): virtual memory, size of the swap partition =1.5* physical memory capacity (in large memory server, can not need SWAP partition)

(c) It is recommended to set up a separate boot partition (a Linux boot partition that hosts system boot files, such as the Linux kernel), and all files are typically only dozens of M. Therefore, the partition is set to 100m-200m. ）

Note:

A hard disk can have up to 4 primary partitions, or three primary partitions + one extended partition, and at most one extended partition, an extended partition may have multiple logical partitions.

The Linux user uses the device name to access the device, the device is placed in the "/dev" directory of the hard disk with ABCD ... Number, IDE interface hard disk is called/dev/hda,/dev/hdb ... And so on SCSI interfaces include USB, SATA, SAS, respectively called/DEV/SDA,/dev/sdb ... And so on

Partition with Digital IDE interface hard disk is called/DEV/HDA1,/dev/hdb2 ... And so on SCSI interfaces include USB, SATA, SAS, respectively called/DEV/SDA1,/dev/sda2 ... And so on

PS:1~4 reserved for primary or extended partitions, logical partitions starting from 5

In general, it is sufficient to divide three partitions into/boot,swap and/(root) partitions.

The advantages of the partition scheme: simple, easy to use, batch installation and deployment, and not because of multiple partitions, some partitions full, and some of the remaining space can not be exploited.

The disadvantage of this partition: If the system is broken, reinstall the system, because the data is in the/(root partition), which causes the data backup trouble when reloading the system. If you add/usr,/home,/var partitions, the system is broken. The system can be installed directly in the/(root partition) without destroying the data of other partitions. If the node is a cluster, there is no need to back up the data, the partition scheme is a little obvious.

Confirm, go to next step

(ix) Boot load configuration

Enable Grub Startup Items

Next

Configuring the Grub Password

Enable MBR

(10) Network configuration

Here temporarily can not configure, with complete installation and then configure.

The first is the boot-up network card, to tick, we only configure IPV4 can.

Servers are typically configured with static addresses.

Configuring Gateways and DNS

Configuring the hostname, which is localhost by default, can be inconvenient. Mode is now used as the host name.

(11) Clock configuration

Use the Asia-Shanghai clock configuration.

(12) Configure root password

(13) Installation package options

We use a custom installation package that typically installs the following packages:

Base

Editors

Development Librarys

Development tools

Dialup Networking Libraries (only installed inside the Lrzsz)

X Software Development

System Tools

Press F2 to view or add the required packages, and after installation, you can use Yum Groupinstall "Development tools" to supplement the installation.

(14) Start installation

(15) Reboot after installation

(16) Optimize the server

Close some unwanted services, that is, thin the server, but also more secure.

Run Setup, turn off the firewall (for ease of experimentation) and SELinux.

Turn off unnecessary services.

Turn off all services first boot: for n in ' chkconfig--list |awk ' {print $} ';d o chkconfig $n off;done

Then open the syslog, Crond, network, SSH services.

For n in ' chkconfig--list |egrep "syslog|crond|network|ssh" |awk ' {print $ ';d o chkconfig--level 3 $n On;done

Linux Course notes Day01 course content Summary