Linux OPS Practice case-December 20, 2015-December 31 (first time)

1, the creation of a 10G file system, the type of EXT4, requires the boot can be automatically mounted to a separate data/data directory;

Sure it's mbr/gpt[[email protected] ~]# lsblkname        .     MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTsda                8:0    0    20G  0 disk ├─sda1             8:1    0    2M  0 part ├─sda2             8:2    0     1G  0 part /boot└─sda3             8:3    0 18.9G  0 part    ├─centos-root 253:0    0   10g  0 lvm  /   ├─centos-swap 253:1 &Nbsp;  0    1g  0 lvm  [swap]  └─centos-home  253:2    0  7.9G  0 lvm  /homesr0               11:0    1  1024m  0 rom  [[email protected] ~]# parted /dev/sda  printmodel: vmware, vmware virtual s  (SCSI) Disk /dev/sda: 21.5gbsector  size  (logical/physical):  512b/512bpartition table: gptdisk flags: pmbr_ Bootnumber  start   end     size    file  system  Name  Flags 1      1049kB   3146kb  2097kb                      bios_grub 2      3146kb  1077mb  1074mb   xfs 3      1077mb  21.3gb  20.3gb                       lvm //partition a specified capacity disk [[email protected] ~]# gdisk /dev/sdagpt fdisk  (Gdisk)   Version 0.8.6partition table scan:  mbr: protective  bsd: not  present  apm: not present  gpt: presentfound valid gpt  with protective mbr; using gpt. command  ( for help): npartition number  (4-128, default 4):  First  sector  (34-41943006, default = 41662464)  or {+-}size{kmgtp}: last  sector  (41662464-41943006, default = 41943006)  OR&NBSp {+-}size{kmgtp}: +10g current type is  ' Linux filesystem ' Hex code or  GUID  (l to show codes, enter = 8300):  changed type of  partition to  ' Linux filesystem ' command  (?  for help):  pdisk /dev/ Sda: 41943040 sectors, 20.0 giblogical sector size: 512 bytesdisk  identifier  (GUID):  974d2867-3522-4343-84a3-a2b26850627epartition table holds up  to 128 entriesfirst usable sector is 34, last usable sector  is 41943006partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundariestotal  free space is 180157 sectors  (88.0 MIB) number  start  ( Sector)     End  (sector)   size       code   Name   1            2048             6143   2.0 MiB      EF02     2             6144         2103295   1024.0 mib   0700     3         2103296         41662463   18.9 GiB     8E00     4        41662464         41764863   10 GiB    8300   linux filesystem//write to disk partition table command  (?  for help):  wfinal checks complete .  about to write gpt data. this will overwrite existingpartitions!! do you want to proceed?  (y/n): yok; writing new guid  partition table  (GPT)  to /dev/sda. Warning: the kernel is still using the old partition table. The new table will be used at the next reboot. the operation has completed successfully.//Update disk partition table [[email protected] ~]#  Partprobe -s/dev/sda: gpt partitions 1 2 3 4[[email protected] ~] # lsblk /dev/sdaname            maj:min  RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTsda                8:0    0   20G  0  disk ├─sda1            8:1    0     2M  0 part ├─sda2             8:2    0    1g  0 part /boot├─sda3             8:3    0  18.9g  0 part │ ├─centos-root 253:0    0    10g  0 lvm  /│ ├─centos-swap 253:1    0     1g  0 lvm  [swap]│ └─centos-home 253:2    0   7.9G  0 lvm  /home└─sda4             8:4    0   10g   0 part // Formatted as EXT4[[EMAIL PROTECTEd] ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda4mke2fs 1.42.9  (28-dec-2013) Filesystem label=OS  type: linuxblock size=1024  (log=0) fragment size=1024  (log=0) Stride=0 blocks,  Stripe width=0 blocks12824 inodes, 51200 blocks2560 blocks  (5%)  reserved for the super userFirst data block=1Maximum filesystem  Blocks=336855047 block groups8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per  group1832 inodes per groupSuperblock backups stored on blocks:          8193, 24577, 40961allocating group tables:  done                             Writing inode tables:  Done                             Creating journal  (4096 blocks):  donewriting  superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done//Mount to/data[[email  PROTECTED] ~]# MKDIR /DATA[[EMAIL PROTECTED] ~]# BLKID /DEV/SDA4/DEV/SDA4:  uuid= "d25d227a-4372-4ef1-950b-a14c7bb7e993"  type= "Ext4"  partlabel= "Linux filesystem"  partuuid= "f9e0bbae-55e5-4968-8157-c78a6229688e"  [[email protected] ~]# mount  Uuid= "d25d227a-4372-4ef1-950b-a14c7bb7e993"  /data[[email protected] ~]# df / datafilesystem     1k-blocks  used available use% mounted  on/dev/sda4          45478  1038      40856   3% /data 

2, display the ' Netstat-tan ' command results with ' LISTEN ' followed by 0, one or more blank characters end of the line;

0 x [[email protected] ~]# netstat -tan | grep -e  "LISTEN[^[:space:]]" 1 or more [[email protected] ~]# netstat -tan | grep -e  "LISTEN[[:space: ]]+ "tcp        0      0  192.168.122.1:53        0.0.0.0:*                LISTEN     tcp         0      0 0.0.0.0:22               0.0.0.0:*                LISTEN     tcp         0      0 127.0.0.1:631            0.0.0.0:*                LISTEN     tcp        0       0 127.0.0.1:25             0.0.0.0:*                listen     tcp6       0       0 :::22                    :::*                      LISTEN     tcp6        0      0 ::1:631                  :::*                      LISTEN     tcp6        0      0 ::1:25                   :::*                      listen

3, add user Nginx, Zabbix, Tomcat, Nologin and Hadoop users (nologin user's shell is/sbin/nologin), and then find the/etc/passwd file in the same user name and shell name of the row;

add user [[email protected] ~]# useradd nginx[[email protected] ~]# useradd zabbix[[email protected] ~]# useradd Tomcat[[emai L protected] ~]# useradd nologin-s/sbin/nologin[[email protected] ~]# useradd hadoop//find the row in the/etc/passwd file that has the same user name as its shell name [ [Email protected] ~]# grep "^ ([[: Alnum:]]\{1,\}):. *\l$"/etc/passwd

4, find a word in the/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions file (the middle of the word can be underlined) followed by a set of parentheses line;

[[email protected] ~]# grep-n "[[: Alpha:]] ()"/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

5, use echo to output a path, and then egrep find its path base name; Further use Egrep to remove its directory name (note that the directory name, not the directory path);

[Email protected] ~]# echo "/home/hi" | GREP-E-O "[^/]+/?$] | Cut-d "/"-f1[[email protected] ~]$ echo "/home/hi" | Egrep-o "^/[[:alnum:]]+"

6. Find all files that are not root, bin or hadoop under the/usr directory;

[Email protected] hi]# find/etc root bin Hadoop [[email protected] ~]$ find/etc-not-user hi-a-not-user bin-a-not -user Hadoop

7, one day the system was invaded, hackers in your system to leave the Trojan file:

You now need to find all the files on the current system that are not owned by the master or group and have been visited in the last week;

In addition, it is necessary to find all files of more than 20k and type ordinary files in/etc directory;

[[email protected] hi]# find/etc-mtime-7[[email protected] ~]$ find/etc-size 20k-type F

8, create the directory/test/data, let a group of ordinary users have write permissions to it, and all the files created by the group is the directory belongs to the group; In addition, each user can only delete their own files.

[Email protected] hi]# mkdir-p/test/data [[email protected] hi]# chown root.tomcat/test/data[[email protected] hi]# US Ermod-g Tomcat Nginx[[email protected] hi]# usermod-g tomcat hadoop[[email protected] hi]# Chmod-g+ws,o+t/test/data

Linux OPS Practice case-December 20, 2015-December 31 (first time)