LInux Program Management Command Chapter

• Work Management

& at the end of the command, you can add the command to the background [ctrl]-z the current job into the background "pause" jobs view the current background of the work status

Jobs "Parameters"

Parameters:

-L: List PID numbers in addition to the jobs number and command string

-R: Lists only the work being run in the background

-S: Lists only the work that is paused in the background

FG backstage work get the front desk to handle

Example: FG%number

BG makes the work in the background become operational

Example: BG%number

Work in Kill management background

Parameters

-L: Lowercase L, which lists the current signals that kill can use

Signal: What instructions are represented to the back of the work

-1: Re-read the configuration file of the parameter once

-2: And keyboard [ctrl]-c the same operation

-9: Force deletion of a job immediately

-15: Terminating a job in a normal program manner

Example 1:kill-9 23134 #结束 The process of PID number 23134

Example 2:kill-9%2 #这里的%2 is a job with number 2 in jobs

Offline management

Nohup Working offline-------screen-like programs

Nohup "command or execute file" = = "working in the foreground

Nohup "command or Execute file" & = = "Working in the background"

• Process Management

PS Select the process run at a point in time

PS "Parameters"

Parameters:

-A: All processes are displayed with the same effect as-e;

-A: All processes not related to terminal;

-U: Effective user-related processes;

X: Lists the more complete information, which is generally used in conjunction with a parameter;

Output format planning:

L: A longer, more detailed list of the PID information;

J: The format of the work;

-F: Make a more complete output;

The usual command

Ps-l only view your bash-related processes

PS aux view system left and right process

PS AXJF together with some process tree states

Pstree Select the process runtime at a point in time to represent it as a process tree

Pstree "-a| U ""-up "

Parameters:

-A: The process tree link is linked in ASCII characters;

-U: Process tree link is represented by UTF-8 code

-P: Simultaneously lists the PID for each process

-U: Also lists the account name of each process

Top Dynamic viewing process changes

Top "-D number" | Top "-BNP"

Parameters:

-D: Number of seconds after

-B: Perform top in batches, usually with data flow redirection

-N: Paired with-B, meaning that a few top outputs are required

-P: Specify some PID for monitoring

Key commands that can be used under the top execution screen:

？ : Displays key commands that can be entered

P: Sort display with CPU usage resources (default)

M: The use of memory resources to sort the display;

N: Sort by PID

T: Cumulative sort of CPU time used by the process

K: Give a signal to a PID (signal)

R: Give a certain PID a nice value to re-establish

Q: Leave top

• Order of execution of the process

The PRI value of the process can be viewed by ps-l or by other commands, and the smaller the lower the precedence of the execution of the PRI + nice = value The smaller the less the more limited the Execute nice execute command give new value

Nice "-N value" command

Parameters:

-N: followed by a value, worth range-20 ~ 19

Root user can give negative value, normal user can only give positive value

Renice The nice readjustment of the existing process

Renice "Number" PID

• View of system resources

Free to view memory usage

Free "-b|-k|-m|-g" "-t"

Parameters:

-B: Unit. Shown in bytes, K--kb, M---MB, g---GB

-T: Displays the total amount of physical memory and swap in the final result of the output

Uname viewing system and kernel-related information

Uname "-asrmpi"

Parameters:

-A: All system-related information

-S: System kernel Name

-R: Kernel version

-M: System hardware Name

Types of-P:CPU

-I: Hardware platform

Uptime viewing system boot times and workloads

Direct uptime

Netstat Tracking network

Netstat-"ATUNLP"

Parameters:

-A: List all the links, monitoring, and socket data for the current system.

-T: List data for TCP network packets

-U: Lists data for UPD network packets

-N: The service name of the process is not listed and is displayed as a port number

-L: List the services currently being monitored by the network

-P: Lists the process PID for the network service

NETSTAT-TLNP Find the network link and IP that are currently listening

DMESG Analyzing kernel information

Vmstat Detection System Resource change

Vmstat "-A" "delay" total number of detections "" Memory/cpu Information

Vmstat "-fs" memory-related

Vmstat "-S units" sets the units that display the data

Vmstat "-D" disk-related

Vmstat "-P partition" disk related

Parameters:

-A: Memory output information

-F: The number of processes that the system has copied "fork" so far

-S: Description of memory changes caused by some time (boot to date)

-S: After the unit, let the displayed data have units, such as k/m/g

-D: Lists the total amount of disk read and write

-P: Partitions are listed later, which can be used to read and write total statistics of the partition

Example: Vmstat 1 3 Statistics Cup information, once per second, a total of three times

• Querying open files or open files for executed programs

Fuser a file (or file system) to find the program that is using the file

Fuser "-umv" "-K" I ""-signal "" File/dir

Parameters:

-U: Lists the owner of the process in addition to the PID of the process

-M: The file name next to it will actively refer to the top layer of the filesystem, which is not successful for Umount

-V: Lists the integrity of each file and program and command

-K: Find the PID using the file/directory and try to give the PID a signal with SIGKILL

-I: Must be combined with-K to ask the user for a preference before removing the PID

-signal: For example-1-15 does not add default (-9)

Example: Fuser-uv. Find out the current directory Usage Pid/account/Permissions

Lsof lists the file names opened by the process

Lsof "-auu" "+d"

Parameters:

-A: Multiple data needs "peer set up" to show results

-U: Lists only the socket file types of the Unix like system

-u: followed by username, which lists files opened by the user-related process

+d: Follow the directory, that is, to find the file that has been opened under a directory

Example: Lsof-u root-a-U only lists the socket files opened for all processes on root

Example: lsof +d/dev lists all the peripherals that were started on the system

Pidof to find the PID of an executing process

Pidog "-SX] program_name

Parameters:

-S: Only one PID is listed and not all PID

-X: The process PID that lists the possible PPID of the program_name

LInux Program Management Command Chapter