Linux commands (ii)--directory and file management commands

First, the directory structure of the Linux system

1. root directory (/): The top-level directory, the only partition in some systems.

2./bin Command file directory: Binary executable file containing Linux commands.

3./boot directory: The kernel files and boot loader files that store the system.

4./dev Device file directory: the corresponding file that holds the device (disk drive, terminal, optical drive, and network card) connected to the computer.

5./etc Directory: Stores most of the system's configuration files and subdirectories.

6./home directory: Contains the home directory for each user in the system.

7./lib Directory: Store a variety of programming language libraries.

8./lost+found Directory: The location of fragmented files when the system is crashing, which can be repaired by hand.

9./opt directory: Where packages are installed, some third-party applications are typically installed in this directory.

10./root Directory: The system administrator's home directory.

11./USR Directory: Store Some infrequently changing data, as well as the application directory installed under the system.

12./MNT directory: Used to temporarily mount the file system, providing default mount points for some devices.

13./proc Directory: A virtual file system in which the file is an in-memory image. You can view the files in this directory for more information about the system hardware running.

14./sbin Directory: Save the system administrator or root user's command file. /usr/sbin stores the application software,/usr/local/sbin commands that store common root user rights.

15./tmp directory: Holds temporary files, all files of this directory will be deleted periodically. (Try to build the test file in this directory during the learning process.)

16./var directory: Save frequently changing content in the system. such as system logs, mail files, and so on.

Ii. Directory Management Commands

1.ls column directory command: LS [options] [directory or file name]

Common options:-a Lists all files under this directory, including hidden files.

-l Displays the file details in a long format.

-M displays a list of files in a comma-delimited manner.

-R recursively displays the files in each subdirectory of the specified directory.

-I displays the index node number of the file in the first column of the output.

-r: Sorts and outputs a list of directory contents in reverse order of file names.

-S: Sorts and outputs a list of directory contents in descending order of file size. (-SL/-SLR)

-T: Sort by time and output. (-T/-RT)

2.CD changing the current working Directory command: CD [directory name]

Common commands: CD. Move up one level of directory

CD/HOME/A move to the specified directory

The CD is moved to its home directory

3.mkdir Create directory command: mkdir [options] [directory name]

Common options: Mkdir-p a/b/c generates a, B, c three directories recursively under the current directory.

MkDir a B generates both A and B two directories under the current directory.

Linux commands (ii)--directory and file management commands