Linux Tainted P

Tainted kernels:

Some oops reports contain the string ' tainted: ' After the program
Counter. This indicates the kernel have been tainted by some
mechanism. The string is followed by a series of position-sensitive
Characters, each representing a particular tainted value.

1: ' G ' If all modules loaded has a GPL or compatible license,' P ' if
Any proprietary module has been loaded.Modules without a
Module_license or with a module_license so is not recognised by
Insmod as GPL compatible is assumed to be proprietary.

2: ' F ' If any module is force loaded by "insmod-f", "if all
Modules were loaded normally.

3: ' S ' If the oops occurred on a SMP kernel running on hardware that
Hasn ' t been certified as safe to run multiprocessor.
Currently this occurs only on various athlons that is not
SMP capable.

4: ' R ' If a module is force unloaded by "Rmmod-f", "if all
Modules were unloaded normally.

5: ' M ' If any processor have reported a machine Check Exception,
"If no machine Check Exceptions has occurred.

6: ' B ' If a page-release function has found a bad page reference or
Some unexpected page flags.

7: ' U ' If a user or user application specifically requested that
Tainted flag be set, ' otherwise.

8: ' D ' If the kernel has died recently, i.e. there is an OOPS or BUG.

9: ' A ' If the ACPI table has been overridden.

Ten: ' W ' If a warning have previously been issued by the kernel.
(Though Some warnings may set more specific taint flags.)

One: ' C ' If a staging driver has been loaded.

: ' I ' If the kernel is working around a severe bug in the platform
Firmware (BIOS or similar).

: ' O ' If an externally-built ("Out-of-tree") module has been loaded.

: ' E ' If an unsigned module have been loaded in a kernel supporting
Module signature.

: ' L ' If a soft lockup have previously occurred on the system.

The primary reason for the ' tainted: ' string was to tell kernel
Debuggers if this was a clean kernel or if anything unusual have
occurred. Tainting is Permanent:even if a offending module is
Unloaded, the tainted value remains to indicate, the kernel are not
Trustworthy.

Linux Tainted P