Getting Started with Linux-basic commands
Catalogue? date commands date? Modify time zone? Calendar command cal? Shutdown Start command Halt,reboot,poweroff? WhoAmI, who, who am I, W screen echo? How do I use it? How do I use the {}? TAB completion? History commandDay Command DateLinux: System boot, startup time and date information from hardware read, after reading, hardware-independent system clock hardware clock
Date: System clock
Display Date Time: Date [OPTION] ... [+format]
Format formatting character
%F full date; same as%y-%m-%d
%T time; same as%h:%m:%s%s seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC +%y display year +%m display month +%d display day +%h display +%m display minute +%s display seconds +%w Show Week
Set Date time: Date [MMDDHHMM[[CC]YY][.SS]]Day of the month and year. seconds
Hwclock/clock Hardware ClockDisplay or set the hardware clock-S:--HCTOSYS-W:--SYSTOHCModify Time ZoneTime zone file location:/usr/share/zoneinfo/The time zone is in use:/etc/localtime
CentOS 6:Ln-f/usr/share/zoneinfo/america/new_york/etc/localtimeln-f/usr/share/zoneinfo/asia/shanghai/etc/localtime
CentOS 7:Timedatectl View the current time zone Timedatectl list-timezone View all time zones timedatectl Set-timezone america/new_york set time zonetimedatectl set-timezone Asia/shanghaiCalendar Command calCAL Displays the month calendar Cal yyyy displays the calendar for the specified year CAL-Y displays the calendar for the current year cal-3 shows the calendar for the month of the month CAL-1 with the CAL display month calendar cal mm YYYY displays the calendar for the specified year, monthshutdown Start Command Halt,reboot,poweroffHalt or poweroff shutdown centos7:poweroff reboot reboot Reboot-f Direct power off and restart.
shutdown Shutdown–r (reboot) restart Shutdown–h (halt) shutdown shutdown–c (cancel) cancel shutdown (performed at another terminal) shutdown +0 Direct shutdown shutdown +xx x X minutes after shutdown shutdown hh:mm specified time offWhoAmI, who, who am I, WWHOAMI Display current user name who am I displays the currently logged in terminal information who displays the current terminal information for all logins W displays details of all currently logged-in terminals ScreenI call it a hidden process, we can iterate through a process, and when our items are closed, the program in screen is still not interrupted. Screen enters the screen name with the current terminal name. hostname prefix
screen-s screenname Set the screen name and enter the hidden process
Screen–x [Session] Join screen session
ctrl+a,d Peel the current screen session (press CTRL + A and press ctrl+d)
Screen-ls or--list View all of the current screenScreen-r Screenname restores a screen.
ctrl+d or exit Exit current screen (session)Echo-N does not wrap-e (default) does not explain \
- e explanation \\a alarm \b Backspace \c do not break line \ n newline, enter \ r from the beginning of the line, move the beginning but not the newline \ t enter tab \ \ Enter a \ echo "$VAR _name" variable will be replaced, weak reference echo ' $VAR _name ' variables are not replaced, strong referencesHow to use the $The $ variable name refers to the value of the variable $ () or "the result of the reference command execution $[] operation ${variable name} or" $ variable name "When the variable name starts and ends, it is used to delimit the range of the variable name and reference the variablehow to use {}{A.. Z} indicates that the letter {1..9999} that references the specified range refers to a number {1,3,5} that references the specified range, each of which refers to each character touch Du{1,2,3}.duduTab CompletionCompletion: Used to make up a command or path \2tab all files under the root list ~2tab all files listed under the home directory. 2TAB all files in the current directory are listed, including hidden files *2tab all files in the current directory, not including hidden files $2tab Show all current environment changes AmountHistory CommandHistory [-c] [-D offset] [n] history-anrw [filename] history-ps arg [arg ...] -C: Empty command history-doffset: Delete the specified offset command in history
N: Show the recent n history-A: Append this session to the new command history list to history file-N: Read unread rows to History list in history file-r: Read History file Append to History list-W: Save History list to specified history file-P: expands history parameter to multiple lines, but does not exist in the history list-S: Expand Historical parameters into a row, appended to the history list
history Displays the current terminal's historical record!! Repeat the previous command!-n repeat the nth command!n repeat the nth command ctrl+p equals the UP ARROW key to turn the previous command. CTRL + N equals the down ARROW key, and the next command is flipped out. Ctrl+j equals Enter to execute the current command!:0 Executes the previous command (remove parameter)!string repeats the previous command preceded by "string"!? String repeats the previous command containing string !string:p prints only the history of the command beginning with string, not the contents of the!$:p printout!$ (the last parameter of the previous command)!*:p the contents of the PrintOut!* (all parameters of the previous command) ^string delete the first s in the previous command Tring ^string1^string2 Replace the first string1 in the previous command with a string2!:gs/string1/string2 replace all string1 in the previous command with string2
ctrl-r to search for commands in command history (Reverse-i-search) ': Ctrl+g: Exiting from historical search mode To recall the last parameter in the previous command:!$ representsESC,. (Click the ESC key and then release and click.) ALT +. (Hold down the ALT key while clicking.) Command history-related environment variables histsize: Number of Histfile: Specify history file, default to ~/.bash_history Histfilesize: History Number of commands history file Histtimeform at= "%F%T" Show Time histignore= "STR1:STR2: ..." Ignore string1.string2 history
Control the history of the command record method: Histcontrol
Environment variables:
ignoredups default CONTROL, ignoring duplicate commands, continuous and identical to "repeat"
Ignorespace ignores all commands beginning with whitespace ignoreboth equivalent to ignoredups, ignorespace combination erasedups Delete Duplicate command
store in/etc/profile or ~/.bash_profileOther ways to use command!^: Use the first parameter of the previous command to cmd command!$: Use the last parameter of the previous command to do cmd parameter command!*: Use all parameters of the previous command to do the cmd parameter C Ommand!:n: Use the nth parameter of the previous command to cmd the command!n:^ call the first parameter of the nth order!n:$ to invoke the last parameter of the nth command, command!n:m to invoke the second of the nth command The parameter command!n:* invokes all the parameters of the nth command!string:^ search for a command starting with string from the command history and obtains its first parameter, command!string:$, from the command history to Stri Ng starts the command and gets its last parameter command!string:n from the command history, searching for the commands starting with string, and getting its nth parameter command!string:* from the command history, searching for commands starting with string and obtaining Take all of its parameters
Linux Getting Started _2-basic commands
