Linux Important Directory detailed description

First-level directory:            /bin     Store system commands and tools, binary commands   (equivalent to C:\WINDOWS\system32)         /boot     contains boot boot files and grub        /dev     for Linux systems Store hardware device files and drivers         /etc     store configuration files  .conf    (equivalent to Windows INI file)         /home    Store normal user home directory    (equivalent to c:\documents and settings)         /lib      kernel file and program compile library file  .so        /lost+found        storing temporary files in the Ext3 file system, when the system crashes outside or the machine shuts down, will produce file fragments here. When the system is booting up, the fsck tool checks here and repairs the corrupted file system. When there is a problem with the system, there may be files being moved to this directory, which may need to be repaired manually or moved to the original location of the file.         /media   default mount point for removable media or multimedia devices         /misc    using Automounter to mount the default mount point for a local directory          /mnt     other equipment mount point         / net     using Automounter to mount the default mount point for network devices         /opt      Store third-party application files         /proc    Kernel process and kernel configuration information virtual file system         /root    root directory configuration file          /sbin    Storage System Management commands and tools          /selinux   current configuration related to security upgrade Linux, using         when compiling the kernel  /srv       Non-radhat linux network services          /sys       storage System block device \ Bus \ kernel \ module Information          /tftpboot    TFTP server configuration directory         /tmp    temporary files, default radhat will automatically periodically empty this directory     (equivalent to the temp directory for Windows)         /usr      Storage System Management commands and Utilities    (/uer/local equivalent to C:\program files), which is said to compile the installation, Yum and RPM are generally no longer here.         /var     storing dynamic data, such as. log log files

Path knowledge in/etc Directory:

       /etc/resolv.conf    #-> Set Linux local client DNS files, DNS enables mutual parsing of domain names and IPs.        /etc/hosts           #-> set the User IP and first name (or domain name) corresponding parsing table, equivalent to the local LAN within the DNS similar to c:\windpws\system32\drivers\etc\hosts,lan IP domain name resolution file.        /etc/sysconfig/network           #-> can modify the machine name and network card startup, gateway and other configuration.                /etc/fstab                        #-> record a file on the file system that you want to mount,        /etc/inittab                     #- > Set the init process to set the system to what kind of runlevel and load the related boot file configuration when the system starts.        /etc/exports                     #-> set the configuration file for NFS network file system.        /etc/init.d                      #-> This directory is used to store the system or server to System v   Mode-initiated scripts, which are common in systems that start or initialize in System v mode.        /etc/xinit.d                     #-> if the server is running in xinetd mode, his script will be placed in this directory. Some systems do not have this file directory, such as Slackware, and some older versions do not. In Redhat/fedora, a newer version exists in the comparison.        /etc/profile                     #-> system Global environment variable configuration path *****alias         path variable        /etc/profile.d                   #-> Loading System Login Program a directory, commands or files exist independently!                /etc/rc.local                    #- > Store the files that are powered on from the Startup program command (Chkconfig can only manage the startup services of yum /rpm installed programs).        /etc/issue                       #-> record the information version, kernel, displayed before the user logs in.        /etc/motd               #登录提醒.                /etc/redhat-release    #-> includes a line of information that declares the Redhat version number and name.                /etc/group            #->  Setting the user's group name and related information        /etc/passwd            #-> Account information File                 /etc/shadow           #-> Password information file                 /etc/sudoers           #-> can perform configuration files using the sudo command (privilege elevation)         /etc/securetty        #-> set which endpoints can have root login                /etc/login.defs        #-> default configuration for all users when they log on                 /etc/modprobe.coNf    #-> Kernel module additional parameter setting                 /etc/syslog.conf      #-> Log Settings File * * *, limited to c5.x.                /etc/rsyslog.conf      #-> Log Settings File * * *, limited to c6.x.                /etc/rc.local          #-> storage of files starting from boot content (software compiled and installed through the source program).

The path knowledge under the/var directory:

        /var                    log File         /var /log               various system log storage          /var/log/messages      System Information The default log file is very important. Automatic round-robin         /var/log/secure       by cycle   Record log in system access information files, weekly automatic round robin, such as POP3,SSH,TELNET,FTP, etc. will be recorded here. system security log file.         /var/log/wtmp           Record the login information file, last.         /var/spool (/var/spool/cron/root)            timed Task crontab default path, file named by user name.         /var/spool/mail                System user mail storage directory.         /var/spool/clientmqueue       SendMail Temporary mail file directory

Important path knowledge under the/proc:

        /proc                      virtual directories, which are memory mappings, kernel and process virtual file system directories          /proc/version              Kernel version         /proc/sys/kernel           System kernel Functions         /proc/sys/net/ipv4         temporarily takes effect when modifying the proc configuration. The configuration in the/etc/sysctl/conf kernel parameter is permanent. Two path modifications are the same.         /proc/cpuinfo              information about the processor, such as type, manufacturer, model, and performance.         /proc/meminfo              system Memory Information         /proc/devices             List of all devices configured by the current running kernel          /proc/dma                  DMA channel currently in use.         /proc/filesustems          The file system that is currently running the kernel configuration.         /proc/interrupts           the interrupts that are being used, and how many interrupts were there.         /proc/ioprts               the I/O port that is currently in use.         /proc/loadavg              System Load Average information

This article is from the "Blossom as ever" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://sunrisenan.blog.51cto.com/10217407/1945518

Linux Important Directory detailed description