Linux Learning Note One

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One ************************linux root directory each file *******************************************

/bin # #二进制binary可执行文件也就是系统命令 (store frequently used commands, which let the computer perform tasks)
/sbin # #系统管理命令存放位置 (commands to be used with certain permissions)
/Boot # #启动分区, responsible for system boot (store boot-related files)
/dev # #设备管理文件, a device driver that users access to external devices through these files. (for example, by/dev/mouse to access the mouse input)
/etc # #大多数系统管理文件 (store configuration related files, including user information file/etc/passwd, System initialization file/ETC/RC, etc.)
/Home # #普通用户的家目录 (for general user-related files)
/lib # #32位系统库文件存放位置 (Standard programming library, also called dynamic Link shared library)
/lib/modules # #包含系统核心可加载各种模块, especially those needed to reboot the system when recovering a damaged system (for example, network and file system drivers)
/LIB64 # #64位系统库文件存放位置
/media # #系统临时设备挂载点
/MNT # #系统临时设备挂载点 (default mount directory for floppy drive and optical drive)
/run # #系统临时设备挂载点
/OPT # #第三方软件安装位置
/proc # #系统信息
/root # #超级用户家目录 (store root user-related files)
/srv,/var # #系统数据 (storing frequently changing data)
/sys # #系统管理, mostly about the kernel
/tmp # #系统临时文件存放位置 (public)
/usr # #系统用户相关信息数据及用户自定义软件存放位置 (the directory where the default installation files reside)
-****************************************888888*****************************************

--------------------------------------------Absolute and relative paths----------------------------
[Email protected]/]# cd/etc/udev/# #绝对路径
[[email protected] udev]# ls
Hwdb.bin RULES.D udev.conf
[Email protected] udev]# CD rules.d/# #相对路径
[Email protected] rules.d]# pwd
/etc/udev/rules.d
[Email protected] rules.d]# CD/ETC/UDEV/RULES.D # #绝对路径

Summary:--------Absolute path
File in the real location of the system, the file name begins with "/"
-----------Relative path
The file relative to the current location of the name of a shorthand, the name does not start with/, and the name will automatically add the value of the PWD display
----------------------------------------------End----------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------commands related to viewing files------------------------------------

1 pwd # #显示当前所在位置
2 CD
---chage directory # #进入目标目录中
cd~ # #回到当前用户家目录
Cd~username # #进入到指定用户家目录
CD: # #进入当前目录的上一级
cd-# #进入之前所在系统目录 (that is, the last directory in which it was located)
3 Touch # #新建文件
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Practice A
[Email protected] bus]# CD. # #Linux中cd: To space between
BASH:CD: Command not found ...
[Email protected] bus]# CD. # #正确写法
[Email protected] sys]# cd/home/student/desktop/
[Email protected] desktop]# CD-# #返回上一次所在目录
/sys
[Email protected] sys]# CD-
/home/student/desktop
[Email protected] desktop]# CD. # #返回上级目录
[Email protected] student]# PWD # #当前位置
/home/student
[Email protected] student]# CD.
[Email protected] home]# pwd
/home
[Email protected] home]# CD ~ # #返回根目录
[Email protected] ~]# pwd
/root
Practice II
[Email protected] home]# mkdir qq/qq1
Mkdir:cannot Create directory ' qq/qq1 ': No such file or directory
[Email protected] home]# mkdir-p qq/qq1
[Email protected] home]# CD qq/
[[email protected] qq]# mkdir WW RR PPP # #建三个目录
[[email protected] qq]# ls
PPP QQ1 RR WW
[Email protected] qq]# mkdir-p QQ
[Email protected] qq]# pwd
/home/qq
[[email protected] qq]# mkdir qq{1..10}
Mkdir:cannot Create directory ' qq1 ': File exists
[[email protected] qq]# ls
PPP QQ QQ1 qq10 qq2 qq3 qq4 qq5 qq6 qq7 qq8 qq9 RR ww

------------------------------------------End----------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------the list command----------------------------------------
[[email protected] desktop]$ ls--help
Usage: LS [option] ... [File] ...
List
-A,--all lists all
-H,--human-readable with-l output file size in an easy-to-read format (e.g. 1K 234M 2G)
-l list file attributes in longer format
-R,--recursive recursively display subdirectories
-S,--size displays the size of each file in blocks
-d Specifies the directory itself

-----------------------------------------------End----------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------the mkdir command-------------------------------------------

Usage: mkdir [options] ... Directory...
Make Directory # #建立目录
-P # #第归建立目录
--------------------------------------------------End--------------------------------------------

Linux Learning Note One