Linux Network Service 13--PXE High-efficiency batch network machine

Linux Network Service --PXE High-performance batch network machine a ,PXE Introduction

PXE:pre-boot excution Environment, pre-boot execution Environment

PXE is a Network boot technology developed by Intel Corporation that works in client/server mode, allowing clients to download boot images from remote servers over the network. and load the installation files or the entire operating system.

to build PXE Network System, the following conditions must be met:

• The client's network card supports the PXE Protocol (integrated bootrom Chip), and the motherboard supports network booting.

• There is a DHCP server in the network to assign addresses to the client, specify the boot file location

Server through The TFTP(Trivial file Transfer Protocol) Simple File Transfer Protocol provides a download of the boot image file.

Working process:

after the workstation is powered on, PXE Bootromself-test (self-starting chip) before gaining control, then issuing a request in broadcast formFINDframe. If the server receives a request from a workstation, it will be sent backDHCPResponse, The content includes the user-sideIPAddress, Preset Communication Channels, and a boot image file. otherwise, This requirement is ignored by the server. When the workstation receives a response from the server, it responds to a frame to request the file to be sent for launch. After that, there will be more messages to answer between the workstation and the server, used to determine the startup parameters. BootrombyTFTPCommunication Protocol Download boot image file from server, This is the image file of the floppy disk. Workstation UseTFTPafter the protocol receives the boot file, it transfers control to the boot block, directs the operating system, and completes the remote boot.

Second, Build PXE Remote Installation Server

1. Prepare the CentOS 6 installation Source

Use FTP Service, placing the installation source in the /var/ftp/centos6/ directory

2. Install and enable the TFTP service

3. Prepare the Linux kernel and initialize the image files.

4. Prepare the PXE boot program, boot menu file

To prepare the bootstrapper:

Prepare the Start menu :

5. Install and start the DHCP service

6. New virtual machine for verification

(1) Adjust the BIOStoboot from the network (do not adjust the default boot from the network)

(2) automatically obtain an IP Address and point to the CentOS installation Source

(3) The remaining process is the same as the local installation (slightly)

Third, the realization Kickstart unattended installation

1. Create an answer file

or execute the command:

2, eliminate the interactive setup process, so as to achieve automatic installation

3, through the addition of %post script, complete the installation of various configuration operations

Four , realization of Batch automatic machine (PXE is used in conjunction with Kickstart)

1.Deploy the answer file in a location that the client can access

2. Modify the boot menu file, call the answer file

3. Verifying Unattended Installation

Create a new two virtual machine to test:

Turn on two virtual machine power

unattended installation, the card to the following interface needs to manually click Ok

Workaround: Add the unsupported_hardware command to the ks.cfg file

Five , different machine for different network segments

Lab Environment:

DHCP,TFTP, andFTP servers are built on the server host, and the server host two network cards eth0 , eth1 used separately Vmnet1 , Vmnet2 . Create two PXE boot menus and two different ks files for different network segments.

Client test:

New Virtual Machine Centos-pxe-test, first tune to vmnet1

DHCP distributes 192.168.1.0/24 network segment IP,TFTP provides Pxelinux.cfg/default File

transfer Client to Vmnet2 for testing

at this DHCP distributes 192.168.20.0/24 network segment IP,TFTP provides pxelinux.cfg/c0a814 File

because the default and c0a814 Two files point to different ks files, the ks The settings in the file are modified to achieve different installation effects for different network segments. The test can also be built in a DHCP and then not used.

Linux Network Service 13--PXE High-efficiency batch network machine