Linux Package Management rpm

Part of the program:

Binary parts: Generally in/bin,/sbin and other directories

Libraries:/lib, include

Configuration file:/etc

Help file: Man

Linux Each directory brief note:

/etc,/bin,/sbin,/lib

Programs that need to be used when the system starts, these directories cannot mount additional partitions and must be on the same partition as the root file system

/usr/

Bin

Sbin

Lib

Operating system core functions, can be partitioned separately

/proc

/sys

Cannot separate partition, default is empty

/dev: device, cannot be partitioned separately

/root: cannot be partitioned separately

/var: recommended separate partitioning

/boot: Kernel, INITRD (INITRAMFS)

Post-->bios--> (MBR) bootloader (file system, ext2, ext3)--Kernel

Package Management: RPM

Role:

Package binaries, configuration files, Help files, library files into one file

Build a database to track every file you install

Core Features:

1. Making a software package

2. Install, uninstall, upgrade, query, verify

redhat,suse:rpm

Redhat Package Manager

PRM is package Manager

Debian:dpt

Front end tool: Yum Apt-get

Back-end tools: RPM,DPT

Yum:yellowdog Update Modifier

RPM Command:

Rpm:

Database:/var/lib/rpm

Rpmbuild:

RPM Name:

Package: Components

Main package:

bind-9.7.1-1.el5.i586.rpm

Child Package:

bind-libs-9.7.1-1.el5.i586.rpm

Package name format:

name-version-release.arch.rpm

bind-major.minor.release-release.arch.rpm

Major version number: significant improvements

Minor version number: A significant change in a child function

Release number (first release): Fixed some bugs, adjusted a bit of functionality

Release number (second release): The author made a modified version of RPM

RPM Package:

binary format

RPM Package Author Download the source program, after the compilation configuration is completed, made into RPM package

Rpm:

Installation:

Rpm-i/path/to/package_file

-H: Show progress in #: each # represents 2%;

-V: Show detailed procedures

-VV: A more detailed process

Rpm-ivh/path/to/package_file

--nodeps: Ignore dependencies:

--REPLACEPK: Reinstall, replace the original installation:

--force: Forced installation, can be re-installed or degraded:

Inquire:

Rpm-q package_name: Query whether the specified package is already installed

RPM-QA: Querying all packages that have been installed

Rpm-qi package_name: Query The description information for the specified package:

RPM-QL package_name: Query the list of files generated after the installation of the specified package:

RPM-QD package_name: Query the Help file for the specified package installation

Rpm-qf/path/to/somefile: Query the specified file is generated by which RPM package is installed

Rpm-q--script package_name: Query the script contained in the specified package

If a RPM package has not been installed, we need to query its description information, the installation will generate files

Rpm-qpi/path/to/package_file

Rpm-qpl

Upgrade:

Rpm-uvh/path/to/new_package_file: Upgrade If the old version is installed, otherwise, install

Rpm-fvh/path/to/new_package_file: Upgrade If old version is installed, otherwise, exit

--oldpackage: Downgrade

Unloading:

RPM-E package_name

--nodeps

Check:

Rpm-v package_name

Rebuild the RPM database:

Rpm

--REBUILDDB: Rebuilding the database

--INITDB: Initialize the database, not just build, there is no

Verify source legality, and software integrity:

Encryption Type:

Symmetric: Encrypt and decrypt using the same key

Public key: A pair of keys, public key, private key: The public key is implied in the private key, can be extracted and exposed

One-way: Used to verify the integrity, as long as one character changes, the results will vary greatly

[Email protected] ~]# ls/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/

Rpm-gpg-key-centos-6 rpm-gpg-key-epel-6

Rpm-gpg-key-centos-debug-6 Rpm-gpg-key-rpmforge-dag

Rpm-gpg-key-centos-security-6 Rpm-gpg-key-rpmforge-fabian

Rpm-gpg-key-centos-testing-6

Rpm-k/path/to/package_file

DSA,GPG: Verify the source legitimacy, that is, verify that the signature can be used--nosignature, skip this

SHA1,MD5: Verify package integrity; You can use--nodigest to skip this

This article from "Single Season rice" blog, declined reprint!

Linux Package Management rpm