Linux (Radhat) Basic learning-delay tasks and scheduled tasks

Source: Internet
Author: User

1. System Delay Task

1.at command

at命令发起的延时任务都时一次性的

at + time[carriage return]
Instruction 1[Carriage Return]
Instruction 2[Carriage Return]
... Enter
Press Ctrl+d to initiate the action

Example 1:

[[email protected] ~]# at 11:11       ##设定人物执行时间(当前用户是谁就是谁发起的任务)at> rm -fr /mnt/*        ##延时动作(删除/mnt下所有内容)at>                    ##ctrl+d发起动作

Example 2:

[[email protected] ~]# at now+1min   ##设定人物执行时间为1分钟后at> rm -fr /mnt/*       ##延时动作at>             ##ctrl+d表示发起动作


2. Some AT commands

at -l | atq         #查看当前任务atrm  | at -d           #取消指定任务at -c               #查看任务内容at now+1min         #延迟一分钟at -f file          #延迟执行文件中的内容at -m               #延迟命令没有输出时仍然发送邮件给执行者at -M               #延迟命令有输出时但不发送邮件给执行者

When the task has output, the output is sent to the initiator of the at character in the form of a message.
View message: Mail-u root
Then press the number selection to view the first few messages and press Q to exit.


Black and white list at command

/etc/at.deny        ##用户黑名单,在此名单中出现的用户不能执行at命令/etc/at.allow       ##用户白名单,名单默认不存在,但名单一旦出现,黑名单失效,且普通用户不能执行at        ##默认系统所有用户不能执行at,只有在名单中出现的用户可以使用at命令
2. System timing Tasks
定时任务时永久的定时任务程序crond,在系统中每分钟做任务扫描系统控制crontab的服务    crontab.service     ##当程序开启时定时任务生效

1. Initiation Mode one: crontab command

crontab -u username -e  [回车]    ##用户发起任务crontab -u username -r  [回车]    ##删除任务crontab -u username -l  [回车]    ##查看任务

Input execution Task: Time + action

* * * * *这五个*号分别表示分钟、时钟、日,月、周几

For example:

* * * * *  动作命令     #每分钟执行一次* * */2 * * 动作命令        #每隔两天* 08-17/2 * * * 动作命令        #8点到17点每隔2小时执行一次*/2 09-17 * * * 动作命令        #每天9点到17点美隔2分钟执行一次*/2 09-17 * * 5 动作命令        #每周周五9点到17点每2分钟执行一次*/2 09-17 1 3,5 5 动作命令  #3月和5月的每周周五和每月1号9点到17点美2分钟执行一次

Scheduled Task store Files:
/var/spool/cron/directory, a file that records the scheduled tasks initiated by each user


2. Initiation Mode II: File Settings

Edit New file: Vim/etc/cron.d/filename

* * * * * root  rm -fr /mnt/*         ##超级用户每分钟清理一次/mnt

In the/etc/directory there are cron.daily, cron.hourly, cron.monthly, cron.weekly these files
Write commands under these files, which are executed on a daily, hourly, or monthly, or weekly basis.


Black and white list of CRONTAB commands

    /etc/cron.deny      ##用户黑名单,在此名单中出现的用户不能执行crontab命令    /etc/cron.allow     ##用户白名单,名单默认不存在,但名单一旦出现,黑名单失效,只有在名单中的用户可以,并且/etc/at.deny失效    ##这两个名单都不会影响在/etc/cron.d/目录中定时任务的执行。
3. Management of temporary system files

A temporary file is generated by the service in the system during normal operation

编辑文件:    vim /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/westos.conf     ##系统中临时文件的配置

Description

    d       /mnt/westos    777      root      root      10s(1)文件类型      (2)文件名称    (3)文件权限  (4)文件所有人    (5)文件所有组    (6)文件存在时间

Execute command:

systemd-tmpfiles --create /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/* ##执行临时文件配置systemd-tmpfiles --clean /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/*  ##清理临时文件

Linux (Radhat) Basic learning-delay tasks and scheduled tasks

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