Linux Self-Study notes (3): Getting Started with Linux systems basics

Login:
Root/manager

StartX &

Terminal:
User and host interaction must use the device;

物理终端：直接接入主机的显示器和设备；虚拟终端：附加在物理设备上的软件方式实现的终端；模拟终端：图形界面下的打开命令行接口，基于ssh协议或telnet协议等远程打开的界面；

Interactive interface, after starting the terminal, attach an interactive program on the terminal device;
GUI: Graphical interface
x protocol, Windows Manager, Dasktop

desktop    GNONE (C，gtk)    KDE(C++，pt)    XFCE(轻量级桌面)

Cli:
Shell program:
Sh
Csh
Tcsh
Bash (Bourn again shell), GPL
Zsh

Display but money used by the shell:

Echo &{shell}

Displays all shells used by the current system:

Cat/etc/shells

Command prompt: Prompt
Admin: #
Normal User: $

Command:
Input command, enter:
Draw the shell program to find the executable program or code corresponding to the typed command, and parse it and submit it to the kernel to allocate resources to run it;
Represented as one or more processes
There are two types of commands that can be executed in the shell:
Internal command: Provided by the shell, and by certain command forms;
External command: There is a corresponding executable program file under a file system path of the current system;

    区别内部或外部命令        # type COMWO

Run command
Command format:
Comwo "Options ..." "Arglments ..."
Options: One or some of the features used to enable or disable commands
Short options:-C, for example:-l,-h
Multiple segment options can be ordered using: For example-l-h, can write-LH;
Long options:--word, e.g.--long,--human-readable
Parameters: The Action object of the command
Providing data to the order;

File system
/root

文件有两类数据：    元数据：metadata（名字，大小等其他信息）    数据：data1.文件名严格区分大小写2.文件名可使用处/以外的任意字符，不建议使用特殊字符    /：根目录，路径分割符3.文件名长度最长不能超过255个字符；4.所以点 . 开头的文件，均为隐藏文件；路径：    绝对路径：从根目录起始的路径；    相对路径：从当前位置起始的路径；        当前位置的表示方式            （1）./：./sysconfig/network-scripts            （2）省略上述符号 sysconfig/network-scripts            （3）.. 返回上一级目录    当前目录：current dlrectory，也称作working directory；        pwd：printing working diretory

Lsb:linux Standard Base

Command Summary: Ls,cd,type,tty,cat,which,whereis,pwd,echo

Linux Self-Study notes (3): Getting Started with Linux systems basics