Linux wingrub introduction to System Boot manager

Linux wingrub has been widely used but is constantly updated. Here we will introduce how to install and update the Linux wingrub system. Linux wingrub usage instructions do not need to use optical drives, not to use recorders, and not to use software drives. This article focuses on Linux installation.

1. A brief introduction to the system Boot manager:

Linux wingrub is a system boot management program similar to windows ntloader. For example, we installed windows 2000 after windows 98. When we started the machine, there are two menus, one for windows 98 and the other for windows 2000.

The System Boot manager is equivalent to a container that loads all the system boot of the machine in the Manager and manages the boot and startup of all the systems, in this way, we can install multiple operating systems on one machine, and we have the absolute ability to control the guidance of all the systems on the machine. For example, when starting the machine, a menu is provided, let's select the operating system to enter.

Grub is a multi-Operating System Boot manager; windows. Grub: Currently, almost all Linux operating systems use grub as the default Boot manager. It can guide Linux and Winodws with powerful functions, almost omnipotent; easy to prepare and recommended for use;

The Linux wingrub we are currently introducing is the grub windows version. Its usage is no different from that of linux grub. In windows, you can install it with a few mouse clicks, the usage is not much different from the configuration and Linux version.

Lilo is the oldest Boot manager in linux, which can guide linux and windows. Due to the historical design, lilo once lags behind grub; however, some releases are currently used as default system guidance, such as Slackware.

Yaboot System Boot manager, which is used on PowerPC architecture machines. It is useless to common X86 machines, can guide Unix operating systems, and can also guide MACOS. Therefore, grub is the most practical tool for us, because it can manage multiple systems and be used in windows. This is when we install Linux, reason for selecting Linux wingrub;

Ii. Installation of Linux wingrub:

1 ,:

The original has the latest original address http://www.cc263.com.cn or: wingrub.

2. installation:

1] install grub software on the machine and install it by default.

2] install grub. Open the Linux wingrub program, select the tools menu, and then click install grub. A dialog box is displayed: There are two methods for us to choose from;

A) Click Boot From Grub Partion, and then click the drop-down box on the right. Select the partition to be installed, and click [install] at the bottom.

You may see (hd0, 0) or (hd0, 1) in the drop-down menu dialog box. Select (hd0, 0 ); if you only see (hd0, 1), it indicates that your first partition is NTFS, and there is nothing. It is normal. If you do not see any drop-down boxes, you can see the following method:

B) You can click Systerm Device, select C: In the select box on the right, and then click BOOT FROM BOOT. INI,

If not, write mygrub In the Title; then write 30 in Time OUT; then grub is installed. The configuration file is in c: ootgrub, And the configuration file is c: ootgrubmenu. lst: This configuration file plays a decisive role. Therefore, we must write it well. The syntax is the same as that in Linux;

A and B are A little different. The method of A is to enable the system to see all the features in menul. lst system; B, you must press the mygrub we just filled in before you can see in menu. the system mentioned by lst;

3. Configure grub;

In c: ootgrubmenu. in the lst process, we only use the Linux wingrub to view the partition interface. Others can be written in Notepad. c: ootgrub is hidden, we can see it by adding c: ootgrub to the browser;

0] Open wingrub in Linux, and click tools = "partioinlist partition list). Here we can learn about the machine partition. For example, we may see that the FAT32 partition is (hd0, 1, in fact, we do need fat32 to store the downloaded Linux CD image. We can use this to know that we have stored the cd iso in (hdX, Y), and we can also know (hdX, Y) which of the corresponding Windows partitions is C, D, or E.

1] First, we need to find a FAT 32 partition and put the downloaded ISO directly under the partition, instead of in any directory.

2] Still In this partition, create a directory, such as linux, and extract vmlinuz and initrd from isolinux In the first ISO. img files are placed in the linux directory. Note that only these two files should be put without other content. If other files are put, the installation may exit midway through.

Note: The directory name is lower-case. When writing menu. lst, we should use half-width English, punctuation and so on are all half-width; title root kernel initrd is all lower-case English, pay attention to the case.

3] writing menu. lst: After menul. lst is opened, there may already be content in it. For example, there is a timeout 30. If there is no such line, you can write it yourself.

Timeout 30 # This is the time to wait for the system to enter the system. It is 30 seconds. title WindowsXP # windows is available on all our machines. This is used to start windows. There are four lines in total. Do not make a mistake, you can copy it to your configuration file;
Root (hd0, 0)
Makeactive
Chainloader + 1

Simple menu. linux boot instructions for lst configuration; Use menu. lst, We can configure Linux boot and boot; not only the installation guide, but also the installed Linux system. There are four Syntax structures, for example: there are a total of two writing formats, either of which;

Format 1: Simplest:
Title fc4install
Root (hd0, 1)
Kernel (hd0, 1)/linux/vmlinuz
Initrd (hd0, 1)/linux/initrd. img

This line of title is the menu we see when we start the system. It displays fc4install. To add it to the title, the title must be retained. It is the tag of grub syntax, we can write what we want to add after the title, which can be defined by ourselves. For example, title fc4setup can also be used;

Root (hd0, 1) can start with root, and then add a space. As for vmlinuz and initrd. the partition where img is placed. Open Linux wingrub and click "tools =" partioinlist "to check the kernel line. This line starts with kernel and then adds a space.

It mainly refers to the partition in which the vmlinuz file is stored and the directory in which it is stored; except for the space following the kernel, there is no space in this line; in this line, we use the kernel in the linux directory in the (hd0, 1) partition to start the kernel. This line of initrd is similar to the line of kernel. There is no difficulty. You know the partition and directory where your files are stored.

Format 2: A bit more troublesome: Take a look at it;
Title fc4install
Root (hd0, 1)
Kernel/linux/vmlinuz ro root =/dev/hda2
Initrd/linux/initrd. img

This line of title is the menu we see when we start the system. It displays FC4install. To add it to the title, the title must be retained. It is the tag of grub syntax, we can write what we want to add after the title, which can be defined by ourselves. For example, title fc4setup can also be used.

This line of root is found in this example root (hd0, 1). In this line, we open Linux wingrub and click tools = "partioinlist partition list; we can use this to understand the vmlinuz and initrd we extracted. the partition and path of the img;

For example, on my machine, what I found is (hd0, 1). The corresponding Windows FAT 32 partition is D. In fact, I did put all four optical disc images (hd0, 1), that is, the D disk seen in win, and I also extract vmlinuz and initrd. img is placed in the linux directory (hd0, 1;

If you do not know which partition the extracted content is stored in, open Linux wingrub and click "tools =" partioinlist "to view the partition list. This line of kernel. Note that there is a space behind the kernel, and then write the position of vmlinuz. Where is it?

In/dev/hda2, how does/dev/hda2 come from? It is from (hd0, 1). If you are displaying (hd0, 2), root =/dev/hda3. See, that is (hdX, Y) in the Y + 1 = Z, It is/dev/hdaZ. Let's take another example: we put the proposed vmlinuz and initrd. img is placed in the (hd0, 5) linux directory. In this case, you should write root =/dev/hda6.

It may be placed in the partition (hd1, 6). What should I do? This is not difficult. As mentioned above (hdX, Y), X may be 0, 1, and 2, so it corresponds to hdaZ, hdbZ, hdcZ, if you see (hd1, 6), it corresponds to/dev/hdb7. This line of initrd should be removed as it is.

So complete menul. the lst example should be: # Is Not parsed, and grub ignores the past when it is started; Some Annotations can be added after #; here, there are two methods to guide Linux, both of which can start the boot and install.

# This is the first method.
Timeout 30
Title fc4install
Root (hd0, 1)
Kernel (hd0, 1)/linux/vmlinuz
Initrd (hd0, 1)/linux/initrd. img
Title WindowsXP
Root (hd0, 0)
Makeactive
Chainloader + 1

# This is the second format.
Timeout 30
Title fc4install
Root (hd0, 1)
Kernel/linux/vmlinuz ro root =/dev/hda2
Initrd/linux/initrd. img
Title WindowsXP
Root (hd0, 0)
Makeactive
Chainloader + 1

In this way, you can enter the Pilot installation. If you still cannot find anything or the like, first, you are not optimistic about the directory in which your file is stored; if you can boot to the installation, select a local hard disk.

To which partition, you only need to place the ISO image in the root directory of the FAT 32 disk, select by partition, and press Enter. When the installation is successful, the system displays various prompts. During the installation process, pay attention to the following situations:

1. During the FC4 installation process, you must customize the installation process, rather than automatically partitioning the system. You must specify the partition to which Linux is installed. We can use the windows partition tool to separate two blank areas. One is bigger, preferably 10 Gb or more, and the other is twice the memory size. For small memory machines, A machine with large memory can be allocated 512 MB;

During the installation, we need to use a large partition to install the system. Click the partition to display the mount point, select/, and format it into an ext3 or reiserfs file system; format a smaller partition into a swap. This is the swap zone of Linux;

Of course, if you have unused blank areas, you do not need to use the windows partition tool to separate them. During installation, you can use the linux partition tool to divide them. Just click a few clicks; this is for rh and/FC or installation, as is Madrake.

2. For some system versions, ISO must be extracted and put in a directory, such as the Slackware release version;

3. When you see the feedback, some say that exit halfway is related to a Chinese directory or a Chinese file under the ISO partition. If no problem is found, put ISO in a blank partition of FAT32.

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