Management of Linux System packages

One, RPM: is by pre-compiling and packaging into the RPM format, has the following a bit:

1, do not need to compile: RPM and compiled programs and configuration files and other data

2, before the installation will detect the system's hard disk capacity, operating system version, etc., can avoid the wrong installation.

3, the software version of their own information, the existence of dependency on the relevant software information, software use description and other user-friendly understanding of the software

4, the management method uses the database to record the rpm correlation parameter, facilitates the upgrade, the deletion, the query and the verification.

Disadvantages:

Not a good solution to the related software that has dependencies

RPM Package Naming format:

Software Name-Version information-release book. Supported operating platforms. RPM

Example: bash-4.2.4-1.e17.x86_64.rpm

RPM Installation path:/var/lib/rpm/

Get RPM Package:

1. Package provided by the release version

2, the official website of the project

3. Search Engine

4, Identification disc equipment files:/dev/cdrom

RPM command installation, upgrade, query, uninstall, check

1. Installation:

The meaning of-i:install

-V: View detailed procedures for installation

-H: Displays the installation progress in the installation information column

--nodeps: Ignore dependency installation

--replacefiles: Overlay Installation

--replacepkgs: Reinstall

--force: Forced installation

2, Upgrade: parameters and installation parameters of the same

-UVH: If there is an older version of the package, upgrade it, or if not, install it;
-FVH: If there is an older version of the package, upgrade it, if not, do not install;

--oldpackage: Downgrade

3. Enquiry:

-Q: Query only, followed directly by the software name

-QA: Query all installed software of this machine

-qi: View details of the software

-QL: View the full file name of the software's files and directories

-QC: View all the configuration files for the software

-QD: View all documentation for the software

-QR: View the files that are included in the software that the software relies on

-QF: Query which package installs the files here

-QP: Viewing a package file that is not installed

View Python files and directories

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4. Uninstall:

-E: Uninstall using the-e option

5, check: Use/var/lib/rpm database content to compare the current Linux system under the environment of all the software

Options:

-V: Installed software name, followed by software name

-VP: List all files that may have been changed on the current system

-VP: A file name is appended to it, listing the files that may have been changed in the software

-VF: Lists If a file has been altered

Parameters:

File type: the

C: Configuration file

D: File Data file

L: License file

R: Readme File

The 8 messages in the configuration file indicate:

S: Whether the size of the file has been changed

M: Whether the properties of the file have been changed

5:MD5 encrypted content has been changed

D: The master/slave Code of the device is changed

L: path is changed

U: File owner changed

G: File group is changed

T: File setup time is changed

Checksum of the package: Rpm-k/path/to/rpm_file

Import Package key: RPM--import/path/to/key_file

Yum: Install and upgrade software online, yum can automatically handle software dependencies to resolve software installation, uninstallation, and upgrade issues.

1, yum configuration file/etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo, the following is the meaning of the contents of the representative:

Base: Package Name

Name: A brief description of the package

Mirrorlist: The map URL of the package, which can be annotated

BaseURL: The actual URL of the package map

Enable:1 is enabled, 0 is not enabled

Gpgcheck: Check RPM packet, 1 for checksum, 0 for non-checksum

Gpgkey: Where the public key of a digital signature is located

New Warehouse:

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2. Use of the Yum command:

Yum [options] [command] [package ...]

Options:

-Y: can provide interactive operation

--installroot: Install the software under a path instead of the default path

Command:

Install: Installation

Remove: Uninstall

Update: Upgrade

Info: Query All software names and versions, similar to Rpm–qai

Search: Query for a software name or a description of important keywords

List: Query all software names and versions, similar to RPM–QA

Provides: query specifies which package the file is built from, similar to RPM–QF

Reinstall: Reinstall

Downgrade: Downgrade

Makecache: Automatically generate cache

Clean: Clear Cache

Grouplist: Show all available software clusters

GroupInfo: View all the package names contained within the group

Groupinstall: Install a whole group of kit software

Groupremove: Uninstalling a whole set of suite group software

Install at:

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Management of Linux System packages