One Linux command per day (1): ls command

1. Command format:

ls [options] [directory name]

2. Command function:

Lists all subdirectories and files in the destination directory.

4. Common examples:

Example one: List the details of all files and directories under the/home/peidachang folder

Command: Ls-l-r/home/peidachang

When using the LS command, pay attention to the format of the command: At the command prompt, the first is the command keyword, followed by the command parameters, before the command parameters to have a short line "-", all the command parameters have a specific role, you can choose one or more parameters according to the need, After the command argument is the action object of the command. In the above command "Ls-l-r/home/peidachang", "LS" is the command keyword, "-l-r" is a parameter, "/home/peidachang" is the action object of the command. In this command, two parameters are used, respectively "L" and "R", and of course, you can also put them together, as shown below:

Command: Ls-lr/home/peidachang

This form is exactly the same as the result of the above command form execution. In addition, if the Operation object of the command is located in the current directory, the Operation object can be manipulated directly, if not in the current directory you need to give the full path of the action object, for example, in the example above, my current folder is the Peidachang folder, I want to operate the Peidachang file under the home folder, I can enter the LS-LR Peidachang directly, or I can use Ls-lr/home/peidachang.

Example two: Listing the details of all directories in the current directory that begin with "T", you can use the following command:

Command: Ls-l t*

You can view information for all files in the current directory that have a file name that begins with "T". In fact, in the command format, the contents of the square brackets can be omitted, for the command LS, if you omit the command parameters and Operation object, directly enter "LS", will be listed in the current working directory of the Content list.

Example three: Listing only subdirectories under a file

Command: ls-f/opt/soft |grep/$

List the subdirectories below the/opt/soft file

Output:

[Email protected] opt]# ls-f/opt/soft |grep/$

jdk1.6.0_16/

Subversion-1.6.1/

tomcat6.0.32/

command : ls-l/opt/soft | grep "^d"

Lists the subdirectory details under the/opt/soft file

Output :

[Email protected] opt]# Ls-l/opt/soft | grep "^d"

Drwxr-xr-x root root 4096 09-17 18:17 jdk1.6.0_16

Drwxr-xr-x 1016 1016 4096 10-11 03:25 subversion-1.6.1

Drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 2011-11-01 tomcat6.0.32

Example four: List the current working directory of all the names are the beginning of the file, the newer the new row, you can use the following command:

Command: Ls-ltr s*

Output :

[Email protected] opt]# ls-ltr s*

Src:

Total 0

Script

Total 0

Soft

Total 350644

Drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 2011-11-01 tomcat6.0.32

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 81871260 09-17 18:15 jdk-6u16-linux-x64.bin

Drwxr-xr-x root root 4096 09-17 18:17 jdk1.6.0_16

-rw-r--r--1 root root 205831281 09-17 18:33 apache-tomcat-6.0.32.tar.gz

-rw-r--r--1 root root 5457684 09-21 00:23 tomcat6.0.32.tar.gz

-rw-r--r--1 root root 4726179 10-10 11:08 subversion-deps-1.6.1.tar.gz

-rw-r--r--1 root root 7501026 10-10 11:08 subversion-1.6.1.tar.gz

Drwxr-xr-x 1016 1016 4096 10-11 03:25 subversion-1.6.1

Example five: List all the files and directories under the current working directory; directory after name add "/", executable file after the name plus "*"

Command : LS-AF

Output :

[Email protected] opt]# LS-AF

log/script/soft/src/svndata/web/

Example six: Calculating the number of files and directories in the current directory

Command:

Ls-l * |grep "^-" |wc-l---Number of files

Ls-l * |grep "^d" |wc-l---directory number

Example VII: The absolute path of the file is listed in LS

Command: LS | Sed "s:^: ' pwd '/:"

Output :

[[email protected] opt]# ls | Sed "s:^: ' pwd '/:"

/opt/log

/opt/script

/opt/soft

/opt/src

/opt/svndata

/opt/web

Example nine: Lists the absolute path to all files (including hidden files) under the current directory, and does not recursively

Command: Find $PWD-maxdepth 1 | Xargs Ls-ld

Output:

[[email protected] opt]# find $PWD-maxdepth 1 | Xargs Ls-ld

Drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 10-11 03:43/opt

Drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2012-03-08/opt/log

Drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2012-03-08/opt/script

Drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 10-11 03:21/opt/soft

Drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2012-03-08/opt/src

Drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 10-11 05:22/opt/svndata

Drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 10-09 00:45/opt/web

Example Ten: Recursively lists the absolute path of all files (including hidden files) under the current directory

Command: Find $PWD | Xargs Ls-ld

Example 11: Specifying the file time output format

Command:

LS-TL--time-style=full-iso

Output:

[Email protected] soft]# LS-TL--time-style=full-iso

Total 350644

Drwxr-xr-x 1016 1016 4096 2012-10-11 03:25:58.000000000 +0800 subversion-1.6.1

Ls-ctl--time-style=long-iso

Output:

[Email protected] soft]# Ls-ctl--time-style=long-iso

Total 350644

Drwxr-xr-x 1016 1016 4096 2012-10-11 03:25 subversion-1.6.1

Extended:

1. Display a list of color catalogs

Open/ETC/BASHRC and add the following line:

Alias ls= "LS--color"

The next time you start bash, you'll be able to display a list of colored catalogs as you would in Slackware, where the meanings of colors are as follows:

1. Blue---Directory

2. Green---executable file

3. Red--Compress files

4. Light blue--linked files

5. Gray--Other files

One Linux command per day (1): ls command