One Linux command per day: Find command overview

The Linux Find command searches the directory structure for files and performs the specified actions. The Linux Find command provides quite a lot of search criteria and is powerful. Because find has powerful features, it has a lot of options, most of which are worth taking the time to look at. Even if the system contains a network file system (NFS), the Find command works equally well in the file system, and you only have the appropriate permissions. When running a very resource-intensive find command, many people tend to put it in the background because it can take a long time to traverse a large file system (this refers to a file system with more than 30G bytes).

1. Command format:

Find Pathname -options [-print -exec -OK . . ]

2. Command function:

Used to locate files in the file tree and to make corresponding processing

3. Command parameters:

Pathname: The directory path that the Find command looks for. For example , use. To represent the current directory, and /to represent the system root directory.

-Print: The find command outputs the matched file to standard output.

-exec: The find command executes the shell command given by this parameter to the matching file . The corresponding command is in the form of ' command ' { } ;, note the space between {} and;

-OK: and -exec function the same, but in a more secure mode to execute the parameters given by the Shell command, before executing each command, will give a prompt for the user to determine whether to execute.

4. Command options:

-name finds files by file name.

-perm to find files according to file permissions.

-prune Use this option to have the Find command not be found in the currently specified directory, and if the-depth option is used at the same time , then -prune will be ignored by the find command.

-user finds files according to the owner of the file.

-groupfinds files according to the groups to which the files belong.

-mtime -n +N to find the file according to the file change time, - n means that the file change time is less than n days,+ n means that the file change time is now N days ago. the Find command also hasthe-atime and -ctime options, but they are both and -m time options.

-Nogroup finds a file that does not have a valid owning group, that is, the group to which the file belongs does not exist in/etc/groups.

-Nouser finds a file without a valid owner, i.e. the owner of the file does not exist in/etc/passwd.

-Newer file1 ! file2 Look for a file that changes time than the file File1 new but older than the file file2.

-Type tofind a file of a certain type, such as:

b -block device files.

d -Directory.

C -character device file.

P -Pipeline file.

L -Symbolic link file.

F -Normal file.

-size N:[c] Find files with a file length of n blocks, with C indicating the length of the file in bytes. -Depth: When looking for a file, first find the file in the current directory and then look it up in its subdirectories.

-Fstype: Find files located in a file system of a certain type, these file system types can usually be found in the configuration file /etc/fstab, which contains information about the file system in this system.

-Mount: Does not cross the file system mount point when locating files .

-follow: If the find command encounters a symbolic link file, it tracks to the file that the link points to.

-Cpio: Use the cpio command for matching files to back up these files to the tape device.

In addition, the following three differences:

-Amin N Find the last n minutes of files accessed in the system

-atime N Find the last n24-hour Access file in the system

-cmin n Find files in the last n minutes of the system changed file status

-ctime N Lookup System last n. 24 hours file status changed

-mmin n Find files in the last n minutes of the system changed file data

-mtime N Find the last n24-hour file that changed file data in the system

5. Usage Examples:

Example 1: Finding files that have been modified within a specified time

Command:

Find -atime -2

Output:

[root@peidachang ~]# find-atime-2

.

. /Logs/monitor

. /. BASHRC

. /. Bash_profile

. /. Bash_history

Description: Super-Find files modified within 48 hours

Example 2: Search by keyword

Command:

Find . -name "*.log"

Output:

[root@localhost test]# Find.-name "*.log"

. /log_link. Log

. /log2014. Log

. /test4/log3-2.log

. /test4/log3-3.log

. /test4/log3-1.log

. /log2013. Log

. /log2012. Log

. /log. Log

. /test5/log5-2.log

. /test5/log5-3.log

. /test5/log. Log

. /test5/log5-1.log

. /test5/test3/log3-2.log

. /test5/test3/log3-3.log

. /test5/test3/log3-1.log

. /test3/log3-2.log

. /test3/log3-3.log

. /test3/log3-1.log

Description: Finds files that end with. Log in the current directory. “. “ Represents the current directory

Example 3: Find files by directory or file permissions

Command:

Find /opt/soft/test/ -Perm 777

Output:

[root@localhost test]# find/opt/soft/test/-perm 777

/opt/soft/test/log_link. Log

/opt/soft/test/test4

/opt/soft/test/test5/test3

/opt/soft/test/test3

Description

Find files with permission 777 under the/opt/soft/test/directory

Example 4: Find by Type

Command:

Find . -type F -name "*.log"

Output:

[root@localhost test]# find.-type f-name "*.log"

. /log2014. Log

. /test4/log3-2.log

. /test4/log3-3.log

. /test4/log3-1.log

. /log2013. Log

. /log2012. Log

. /log. Log

. /test5/log5-2.log

. /test5/log5-3.log

. /test5/log. Log

. /test5/log5-1.log

. /test5/test3/log3-2.log

. /test5/test3/log3-3.log

. /test5/test3/log3-1.log

. /test3/log3-2.log

. /test3/log3-3.log

. /test3/log3-1.log

[root@localhost test]#

Description

Find common files that end with a. Log in a directory

Example 5: Find and sort all current directories

Command:

Find . -type D | sort

Output:

[root@localhost test]# find.-type d | Sort

.

. /SCF

. /SCF/bin

. /scf/doc

. /SCF/lib

. /SCF/service

. /SCF/service/deploy

. /SCF/service/Deploy/info

. /SCF/service/deploy/product

. /test3

. /test4

. /test5

. /test5/test3

[root@localhost test]#

Example 6: Find files by size

Command:

Find . -size +1000c -print

Output:

[root@localhost test]# Find.-size +1000c-print

.

. /test4

. /SCF

. /SCF/lib

. /SCF/service

. /SCF/service/deploy

. /SCF/service/deploy/product

. /SCF/service/Deploy/info

. /scf/doc

. /SCF/bin

. /log2012. Log

. /test5

. /test5/test3

. /test3

[root@localhost test]#

Description

Find files with current directory larger than 1K

One Linux command per day: Find command overview