One Linux command per day: Find command overview

The Linux Find command searches the directory structure for files and performs the specified actions. The Linux Find command provides quite a lot of search criteria and is powerful. Because find has powerful features, it has a lot of options, most of which are worth taking the time to look at. Even if the system contains a network file system (NFS), the Find command works equally well in the file system, and you only have the appropriate permissions. When running a very resource-intensive find command, many people tend to put it in the background because it can take a long time to traverse a large file system (this refers to a file system with more than 30G bytes).

1. Command format:

Find Pathname-options [-print-exec-ok ...]

2. Command function:

Used to locate files in the file tree and to make corresponding processing

3. Command parameters:

The directory path that the Pathname:find command looks for. For example, use. To represent the current directory, and/to represent the system root directory.

The-print:find command outputs the matched file to standard output.

The-exec:find command executes the shell command given by the parameter to the matching file. The corresponding command is in the form of ' command ' {} \;, note the space between {} and \;

-ok: The same as-exec, except that the shell command given by the parameter is executed in a more secure mode, prompting the user to determine whether to execute before executing each command.

4. Command options:

-name finds files by file name.

-perm to find files according to file permissions.

-prune Use this option to have the Find command not be found in the currently specified directory, and if you use the-depth option at the same time,-prune will be ignored by the Find command.

-user Search for files according to the owner of the file.

-group finds files according to the group to which the files belong.

-mtime-n +n The file changes time to find the file,-n means that the file change time is now less than n days, + n means that the file change time is now N days ago. The Find command also has the-atime and-ctime options, but they both and the-m time option.

-nogroup finds a file that does not have a valid owning group, that is, the group to which the file belongs does not exist in/etc/groups.

-nouser finds a file without a valid owner, that is, the owner of the file does not exist in the/etc/passwd.

-newer file1! File2 look for a file that changes time than the file File1 new but older than the file file2.

-type find a file of a certain type, such as:

B-block device files.

D-Directory.

C-character device file.

P-Pipeline file.

L-Symbolic link file.

F-Normal file.

-size N:[c] finds files with a file length of n blocks, with C indicating the length of the file in bytes. -depth: When looking for a file, first find the file in the current directory, and then look in its subdirectories.

-fstype: Find files located in a file system of a certain type, these file system types can usually be found in the configuration file/etc/fstab, which contains information about the file system in this system.

-mount: Does not cross the file system mount point when locating files.

-follow: If the find command encounters a symbolic link file, it tracks to the file that the link points to.

-cpio: Use the cpio command for matching files to back up these files to the tape device.

In addition, the following three differences:

-amin N Find the last n minutes of files accessed in the system

-atime N Find the last n*24 hour Access file in the system

-cmin n Find files in the last n minutes of the system changed file status

-ctime n Find files that have changed file status in the last n*24 hours of the system

-mmin n Find files that have changed file data in the last N minutes of the system

-mtime n Find files that have changed file data for the last n*24 hours in the system

5. Usage examples:

Example 1: Finding files that have been modified within a specified time

Command:

Find-atime-2

Output:

[Email protected] ~]# find-atime-2

.

./logs/monitor

./.BASHRC

./.bash_profile

./.bash_history

Description

Find files that have been modified within 48 hours

Example 2: Search by keyword

Command:

Find. -name "*.log"

Output:

[[email protected] test]# find. -name "*.log"

./log_link.log

./log2014.log

./test4/log3-2.log

./test4/log3-3.log

./test4/log3-1.log

./log2013.log

./log2012.log

./log.log

./test5/log5-2.log

./test5/log5-3.log

./test5/log.log

./test5/log5-1.log

./test5/test3/log3-2.log

./test5/test3/log3-3.log

./test5/test3/log3-1.log

./test3/log3-2.log

./test3/log3-3.log

./test3/log3-1.log

Description

Finds files that end with. Log in the current directory. ". " Represents the current directory

Example 3: Find files by directory or file permissions

Command:

find/opt/soft/test/-perm 777

Output:

[Email protected] test]# find/opt/soft/test/-perm 777

/opt/soft/test/log_link.log

/opt/soft/test/test4

/opt/soft/test/test5/test3

/opt/soft/test/test3

Description

Find files with permission 777 under the/opt/soft/test/directory

Example 4: Find by Type

Command:

Find. -type f-name "*.log"

Output:

[[email protected] test]# find. -type f-name "*.log"

./log2014.log

./test4/log3-2.log

./test4/log3-3.log

./test4/log3-1.log

./log2013.log

./log2012.log

./log.log

./test5/log5-2.log

./test5/log5-3.log

./test5/log.log

./test5/log5-1.log

./test5/test3/log3-2.log

./test5/test3/log3-3.log

./test5/test3/log3-1.log

./test3/log3-2.log

./test3/log3-3.log

./test3/log3-1.log

[Email protected] test]#

Description

Find common files that end with a. Log in a directory

Example 5: Find and sort all current directories

Command:

Find. -type D | Sort

Output:

[[email protected] test]# find. -type D | Sort

.

./SCF

./scf/bin

./scf/doc

./scf/lib

./scf/service

./scf/service/deploy

./scf/service/deploy/info

./scf/service/deploy/product

./test3

./test4

./test5

./test5/test3

[Email protected] test]#

Example 6: Find files by size

Command:

Find. -size +1000c-print

Output:

[[email protected] test]# find. -size +1000c-print

.

./test4

./SCF

./scf/lib

./scf/service

./scf/service/deploy

./scf/service/deploy/product

./scf/service/deploy/info

./scf/doc

./scf/bin

./log2012.log

./test5

./test5/test3

./test3

[Email protected] test]#

Description

Find files with current directory larger than 1K

One Linux command per day: Find command overview