One of the basic Linux operations commands

List Linux distributions by series and describe the connections and differences between different distributions.

Linux distributions are many, but the exact same approach is to use the Linux kernel to integrate the required software as needed to make the operating system release. There are several well-known versions and numerous unknown versions in many Linux distributions.

Industry more popular version: The domestic Red Hat Rehl series, the CentOS series, the European SuSE series, as well as Ubuntu series of course domestic companies also use Ubuntu as a production environment server, Japan's Torrins series. But they all follow the GNU code.

Linux system Installation

Linux system installation of media usually have CD-ROM, u disk, network three kinds.

The Linux system is installed in the form of graphical interface installation, character interface installation, and unattended Kickstart installation

The detailed steps can be see the online introduction.

Describes the use of commands on Linux systems, detailing the use of ifconfig, Echo, TTY, STARTX, export, pwd, history, shutdown, Poweroff, reboot, Hwclock, and date commands, And with the corresponding example to illustrate.

The system is ready to log in. If you do not create a normal user at the time of installation, log in with the root user,

At the command line prompt, enter the username root, and the password for the root user

Use version CentOS6.6 in the case

CentOS Release 6.6 (final)

Kernel 2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64 on an x86_64

localhost login:root

Password:

In fact, the password is not visible at the command line, if the user name and password are correct, will log into the root user's working directory

[Email protected] ~]#

At this point you can use the TTY command to see that the current user is logged in using that terminal.

[[email protected] ~]# TTY

/dev/tty3

The result is not necessarily the same, but the/DEV/TTY1~/DEV/TTY6 system has a default of six virtual terminals,

If you use the SSH login tool like Secure shell, enter the TTY

[[email protected] ~]# TTY

/dev/pts0

This could be a lot, just possible (depending on the situation). The main analog terminal.

Six virtual terminals can be toggled by any one of the shortcut keys Ctrl+alt+f1~f6

[Email protected] ~]# StartX

Enter the STARTX command on a virtual terminal to start a GUI graphical interface to manage (the graphical terminal is the analog terminal).

Specifically what interface different distribution version, but the graphics terminal in the actual work of the basic use,

So just a brief introduction. CTRL+ALT+FN (n may be any number in the 1~n depending on the case) can be toggled at the command-line terminal and the graphics terminal. Open a console window in the graphics terminal

[[Email protected] ~] #tty

/dev/pts2

May show a different result may be/DEV/PTSN (n for a number)

To view the directory where the current logged-on user resides, you can use the PWD command

[[email protected] pts] #pwd

/dev/pts

[[email protected] pts] #cd

[[Email protected] ~] #pwd

/root

Practice it a few times.

If you want to view the current user's system variables (environment variables) such as $PS1 $PS 2 (command-line prompt settings)

You can do the following

[[Email protected] ~] #echo $PS 1

[\[email protected]\h \w]\$

[[Email protected] ~] #echo $PS 2

>

The output results vary depending on the actual environment variable setting.

Displays the shell program used by the current user

[Email protected] ~]# echo $SHELL

/bin/bash

[[email protected] ~]# echo ${shell}

/bin/bash

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One of the basic Linux operations commands