Oracle11gRAC construction in linux (III)

Oracle11g RAC construction in linux (III)

2. Configure the installation environment (node1 and node2) to create a group, user, directory, and modify permissions (node1 and node2) to create a group, user, and initial password on node1.

Create a group: # groupadd [-g] [gid] [group name]

Create a user: # useradd [-u] [uid] [-g] [user's primary group] [-G] [user's secondary group] [user name]

Run the Script: # sh mkuser. sh

Groupadd-g 200 oinstall

Groupadd-g DBA

Groupadd-g 202 running

Groupadd-g 203 asmadmin

Groupadd-g 204 asmoper

Groupadd-g 205 asmdba

Useradd-u 200-g oinstall-G dba, asmdba, external oracle

Useradd-u 201-g oinstall-G dba, asmadmin, asmdba, asmoper, opergrid

After creating a group user, View:

[Root @ node1 ~] # Id oracle

[Root @ node1 ~] # Id grid

Initial user password:

[Root @ node1 ~] # Passwd oracle

[Root @ node1 ~] # Passwd grid

Supplement:

Change grid group

[Root @ metro1 ~] # Usermod-g oinstall-G dba, role, asmadmin, asmoper, and asmdba grid

Create a group, user, and initial password (SCRIPT) on node2)

Create a group: # groupadd [-g] [gid] [group name]

Create a user: # useradd [-u] [uid] [-g] [user's primary group] [-G] [user's secondary group] [user name]

Run the Script: # sh mkuser. sh

Groupadd-g 200 oinstall

Groupadd-g DBA

Groupadd-g 202 running

Groupadd-g 203 asmadmin

Groupadd-g 204 asmoper

Groupadd-g 205 asmdba

Useradd-u 200-g oinstall-G dba, asmdba, external oracle

Useradd-u 201-g oinstall-G dba, asmadmin, asmdba, asmoper, opergrid

After creating a group user, View:

[Root @ node2 ~] # Id oracle

[Root @ node2 ~] # Id grid

Initial user password:

[Root @ node2 ~] # Passwd oracle

[Root @ node2 ~] # Passwd grid

Modify permissions on node1 and create a directory under/u01

1. Change owner:

Example: # chown-R grid: oinstall/u01/app/oraInventory/

Changes the recursive owner of the Owner: directory of the group.

2. Authorization:

Example: # chmod-R 775/u01/11.2.0/grid/

Changes the access permission to the xxx directory for all files in the recursive directory.

3. Execute the Script: # sh mkdir. sh

4. Directory description:

/U01/app/oraInventory/---- A directory to install the software

/U01/11.2.0/grid/---- main directory for installing grid

/U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 ---- install the main directory of oracle

/U01/app/oracle ---- BASE Directory of oracle

Mkdir-p/u01/app/oraInventory

Chown-R grid: oinstall/u01/app/oraInventory/

Chmod-R 775/u01/app/oraInventory/

Mkdir-p/u01/11.2.0/grid

Chown-R grid: oinstall/u01/11.2.0/grid/

Chmod-R 775/u01/11.2.0/grid/

Mkdir-p/u01/app/oraInventory/

Mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle

Mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle/export toollogs

Mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

Chown-R oracle: oinstall/u01/app/oracle

Chmod-R 775/u01/app/oracle

# Ls-l/u01 ---- check after installation

Modify permissions on node2 and create a directory (SCRIPT) under/u01)

1. Change owner:

Example: # chown-R grid: oinstall/u01/app/oraInventory/

Changes the recursive owner of the Owner: directory of the group.

2. Authorization:

Example: # chmod-R 775/u01/11.2.0/grid/

Changes the access permission to the xxx directory for all files in the recursive directory.

3. Execute the Script: # sh mkdir. sh

4. Directory description:

/U01/app/oraInventory/---- A directory to install the software

/U01/11.2.0/grid/---- main directory for installing grid

/U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 ---- install the main directory of oracle

/U01/app/oracle ---- BASE Directory of oracle

Mkdir-p/u01/app/oraInventory

Chown-R grid: oinstall/u01/app/oraInventory/

Chmod-R 775/u01/app/oraInventory/

Mkdir-p/u01/11.2.0/grid

Chown-R grid: oinstall/u01/11.2.0/grid/

Chmod-R 775/u01/11.2.0/grid/

Mkdir-p/u01/app/oraInventory/

Mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle

Mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle/export toollogs

Mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

Chown-R oracle: oinstall/u01/app/oracle

Chmod-R 775/u01/app/oracle

# Ls-l/u01 ---- check after installation

Edit/etc/hosts (node1, node2)

Hosts function:

If no DNS tool is available, use the local/etc/hosts to resolve the IP address and host name to resolve the host name to the IP address.

Note: Write the node name.

Edit hosts on node1

[Root @ node2 ~]# Vi/etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# That require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1 localhost

192.168.4.71 node1

192.168.4.73 node1-vip

10.10.10.71 node1-priv

192.168.4.72 node2

192.168.4.74 node2-vip

10.10.10.72 node2-priv

192.168.4.75 scan_ip

Explanation:

127.0.0.1 localhost // local loopback

192.168.4.71 node1 // implements public Nic resolution

192.168.4.73 node1-vip

// The vip address required by oracle when using rac, which must be in the same network segment as the public network card. The vip address is a feature of drifting from one node to another to quickly implement fault tolerance.

10.10.10.71 node1-priv // Private IP Address

192.168.4.72 node2

192.168.4.74 node2-vip

10.10.10.72 node2-priv

192.168.4.75 scan_ip

// The new address of the 11g network must be in the same network segment as the public network card. This simplifies the client connection configuration. The disadvantage is that Server Load balancer cannot be implemented.

Edit hosts on node2

Hosts copy from note1 to node2:

[Root @ node1 ~]# Scp/etc/hosts node2:/etc/

[Root @ node2 ~] # Cat/etc/hosts // check hosts settings

Modify Kernel Parameters on node1 of sysctl. conf (node1 and node2)

[Root @ node1] #Vi/etc/sysctl. conf

Add at the end:

Fs. aio-max-nr = 1048576

Fs. file-max = 6815744

Kernel. shmall = 2097152

Kernel. shmmax = 536870912

Kernel. shmmni = 4096

Kernel. sem = 250 32000 100 128

Net. ipv4.ip _ local_port_range = 9000 65500

Net. core. rmem_default = 262144

Net. core. rmem_max = 4194304

Net. core. wmem_default = 262144

Net. core. wmem_max = 1048586

Node1 Kernel Parameter Modification takes effect

[Root @ node1 ~] #Sysctl-p

 

Modify Kernel Parameters on node2

Method 1:

[Root @ node1] # scp/etc/sysctl. confnode2:/etc

Method 2:

[Root @ node2] # vi/etc/sysctl. conf

Add:

Fs. aio-max-nr = 1048576

Fs. file-max = 6815744

Kernel. shmall = 2097152

Kernel. shmmax = 536870912

Kernel. shmmni = 4096

Kernel. sem = 250 32000 100 128

Net. ipv4.ip _ local_port_range = 9000 65500

Net. core. rmem_default = 262144

Net. core. rmem_max = 4194304

Net. core. wmem_default = 262144

Net. core. wmem_max = 1048586

Node2 Kernel Parameter Modification takes effect

[Root @ node2 ~] #Sysctl-p

 

Node1 and node2 modify limits. conf

[Root @ node1 ~] # Vi/etc/security/limits. conf

Used to restrict user access to memory resources and cpu resources

Add:

Oracle soft nproc 2047

Hard nproc 16384

Oracle soft nofile 1024

Oracle hard nofile 65536

Oracle soft stack 10240

Grid soft nproc 2047

Grid hard nproc 16384

Grid soft nofile 1024

Grid hard nofile 65536

Grid soft stack 10240

[Root @ node1 ~] # Scp/etc/security/limits. conf node2:/etc/security/

 

Node1 and node2 modify login

Login file: automatically starts limits (Limit file) after login ).

[Root @ node1 ~] # Vi/etc/pam. d/login

Add: session required/lib/security/pam_limits.so

[Root @ node1 app] #Scp/etc/pam. d/login node2:/etc/pam. d

 

Node1 and node2 Modify profile

Profile: Some access restrictions for logging on to the application environment.

# Vi/etc/profile

Add:

If [$ USER = "oracle"] | [$ USER = "grid"]; then

If [$ SHELL = "/bin/ksh"]; then

Ulimit-p 16384

Ulimit-n 65536

Else

Ulimit-u 16384-n 65536

Fi

Fi

[Root @ node1 app] #Scp/etc/profile node2:/etc

 

Clock Synchronization Node 1 and node 2 disable the ntp service

Disable the system ntp (network time protocol) service and use the time synchronization service that comes with oracle (11G has been integrated into the grid, so you don't need this service anymore. Turn off the operating system synchronization ).

Rename the configuration file. Otherwise, an error is reported during grid installation.

[Root @ node1 ~] # Chkconfigntpd off

[Root @ node1 ~] # Mv/etc/ntp. conf/etc/ntp. conf. bak

Perform the same operation on node2.

Node1 and node2 disable the sendmail service

Email Service, which affects system startup and closes it.

[Root @ node2 ~] # Chkconfigsendmail off

Perform the same operation on node2.

Node1 and node2 modify oracle and grid user environment variables

----- Modify the oracle and grid user environment variables. bash_profile

Note:

Modify node1 and node2:

1. oracle user environment variables ORACLE_SID are different (prod1, prod2 );

2. the grid user environment variables ORACLE_SID are different (+ ASM1, + ASM2 ).

Oracle users:

# Su-oracle

[Oracle @ node1 ~] $Vi. bash_profile

// Delete unnecessary rows

#. Bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

If [-f ~ /. Bashrc]; then

.~ /. Bashrc

Fi

# User specific environment andstartup programs

Export EDITOR = vi

Export ORACLE_SID = prod1 (Note: Change node2 to prod2.)

Export ORACLE_BASE =/u01/app/oracle

ExportORACLE_HOME = $ ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

ExportLD_LIBRARY_PATH = $ ORACLE_HOME/lib

Export PATH = $ ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin

Umask 022

Copy node1 for pasting:

Export EDITOR = vi

Export ORACLE_SID = prod1

Export ORACLE_BASE =/u01/app/oracle

Export ORACLE_HOME = $ ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

ExportLD_LIBRARY_PATH = $ ORACLE_HOME/lib

Export PATH = $ ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin

Umask 022

Copy node2 for pasting:

Export EDITOR = vi

Export ORACLE_SID = prod2

Export ORACLE_BASE =/u01/app/oracle

ExportORACLE_HOME = $ ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

ExportLD_LIBRARY_PATH = $ ORACLE_HOME/lib

Export PATH = $ ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin

Umask 022

Do not forget to perform the same operation on node2.

Grid User:

[Oracle @ node1 ~] $Su-grid

Password:

[Grid @ node1 ~] $Vi. bash_profile

#. Bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

If [-f ~ /. Bashrc]; then

.~ /. Bashrc

Fi

# User specific environment andstartup programs

ExportEDITOR = vi

ExportORACLE_SID = + ASM1(Note: Change node2 to + ASM2)

ExportORACLE_BASE =/u01/app/oracle

ExportORACLE_HOME =/u01/11.2.0/grid

ExportGRID_HOME =/u01/11.2.0/grid

ExportLD_LIBRARY_PATH = $ ORACLE_HOME/lib

ExportTHREADS_FLAG = native

Export PATH = $ ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin

Umask 022

Copy node1 for pasting:

ExportEDITOR = vi

ExportORACLE_SID = + ASM1

ExportORACLE_BASE =/u01/app/oracle

ExportORACLE_HOME =/u01/11.2.0/grid

ExportGRID_HOME =/u01/11.2.0/grid

ExportLD_LIBRARY_PATH = $ ORACLE_HOME/lib

ExportTHREADS_FLAG = native

Export PATH = $ ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin

Umask 022

Copy node2 for pasting:

ExportEDITOR = vi

ExportORACLE_SID = + ASM2

ExportORACLE_BASE =/u01/app/oracle

ExportORACLE_HOME =/u01/11.2.0/grid

ExportGRID_HOME =/u01/11.2.0/grid

ExportLD_LIBRARY_PATH = $ ORACLE_HOME/lib

ExportTHREADS_FLAG = native

Export PATH = $ ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin

Umask 022

Do not forget to perform the same operation on node2.

Add swap partitions to node1 and node2

Set the swap partition size. Generally, it must be twice the memory size.

Under node1:

Root User operation:

[Root @ node1 ~] #Free-m

// View the space. The swap partition is smaller than 2 GB, which does not affect subsequent installation but may cause an error warning. To avoid errors, expand the swap partition.

[Root @ node1 ~] #Dd if =/dev/zero of =/u01/swpf1 bs = 1024 k count = 2048

// Use the dd command to generate an empty file and place it under u01. The unit is 1024 MB and the value is set to 2 GB. Note: Do not put it in the root directory will consume the root directory Space

[Root @ node1 ~] #Df-h// View disk space allocation again

[Root @ node1 ~] #Ls-lh/u01// View the file information under u01 and swpf1

[Root @ node1 ~] #Mkswap-c/u01/swpf1// Create a swap file

[Root @ node1 ~] #Swapon/u01/swpf1// Swap file generated by swpf1

[Root @ node1 ~] #Free-m// View the space again and switch the swap partition to 4 GB
 

[Root @ node1 ~] #Vi/etc/fstab// Automatically use the new swap partition after the instance is started.

Add/u01/swpf1 swap ults 0 0

Under node2:

[Root @ node2 ~] # Free-m

[Root @ node2 ~] #Dd if =/dev/zero of =/u01/swpf1 bs = 1024 k count = 2048

[Root @ node2 ~] #Df-h// View disk space allocation again

[Root @ node2 ~] #Ls-lh/u01// View the file information under u01 and swpf1

[Root @ node2 ~] #Mkswap-c/u01/swpf1// Create a swap file

[Root @ node2 ~] #Swapon/u01/swpf1// Swap file generated by swpf1

[Root @ node2 ~] #Free-m// View the space again and switch the swap partition to 4 GB

[Root @ node2 ~] #Vi/etc/fstab// Automatically use the new swap partition after the instance is started.

Add/u01/swpf1 swap ults 0 0

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Original works, from "Deep Blue blog" blog, allow reprint, reprint please be sure to indicate the source (http://blog.csdn.net/huangyanlong ). The author has the right to pursue legal liability for copyright issues.