Python learns the next day----network basics and Operating system introduction (Install Linux system)

First, the operating system

1, the operating system is a coordination, management and control of computer hardware resources and software resources of the control program, located between the computer software and hardware, in fact, is a software.

2, the composition of the operating system: Kernel (running in kernel state in order to manage hardware resources)

System call interface (run in user state to provide system call interface for application)

3, the function of the operating system: the part with the hardware to hide the ugly hardware call interface, for the application programmer to provide a better, simpler, clearer system call interface; The part that interfaces with the application encapsulates the beautiful interface that makes the application's race request for hardware resources orderly

4, the difference between the operating system and the common software

The operating system is hardware protected, can not be modified by the user, the operating system is a large, complex, long-lived software

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5. History of operating system

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Second, the Network Foundation

1, the computer network concept: refers to the geographical location of a variety of independent functions of the computer and its external equipment, through the communication line, in the network operating system, network management software and network communication Protocol management and coordination, the realization of resource sharing and information transmission of computer systems.

2. OSI layer Seven Protocol

IP address and MAC address identify or locate the Internet's only computer, integral, IP and subnet masks combine to identify different subnets on which the computer resides. The IP address is divided into two parts: the network part and the host part.

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Socket Description: Socket, socket is an abstraction layer between the application layer and the transport layer, it abstracts the complex operation of TCP/IP layer into a few simple interface supply layer calls the implemented process to communicate in the network.

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DHCP Service: Automatically assigns IP addresses to hosts

DNS Service: Domain name resolution Service, the main task is to easily remember the site or the server domain name resolution difficult to remember the IP address. The DNS protocol is implemented based on the UDP protocol. Mainly divided into: root domain server, top-level domain name server, first-level domain name server, etc.

There are 13 root name servers and 13 top-level nameservers worldwide.

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Third, Linux operating system installation

Install the Linux operating system (CENTOS7) in VMware and try to contact simple commands such as: Cd,ifconfig,touch,rm,mv,top,netstat,ping,chmod,chown,sudo, etc.

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Reprint: http://www.jianshu.com/p/d01409fa705e

VM12 installation Centos7

Python learns the next day----network fundamentals and Operating system introduction (Install Linux system)