Python Read configuration file Configparser

The Configparser module of the Python Standard library provides a set of APIs to read and manipulate configuration files.

Format of the configuration file

A) The configuration file contains one or more sections, each section has its own option;

b) section is denoted by [Sect_name] , where each option is a key-value pair, using delimiter = or : separated;

c) Spaces at the end of the option delimiter are ignored

d) config file using # and; Comments

A simple sample configuration file myapp.conf

123456789101112

# database source[db]host = 127.0.0.1port =3306user =rootpass=root# ssh[ssh]host = 192.168.1.101user =hueypass=huey

Basic operation of Configparser

A) instantiate the Configparser and load the configuration file

12	cp =ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser()cp.read(‘myapp.conf‘)

b) Get the section list, option key list, and option key value tuple list

123	print‘all sections:‘, cp.sections()        # sections: [‘db‘, ‘ssh‘]print ‘options of [db]:‘, cp.options(‘db‘)  # options of [db]: [‘host‘, ‘port‘, ‘user‘, ‘pass‘]print‘items of [ssh]:‘, cp.items(‘ssh‘)    # items of [ssh]: [(‘host‘, ‘192.168.1.101‘), (‘user‘, ‘huey‘), (‘pass‘, ‘huey‘)]

c) Read the specified configuration information

12	print‘host of db:‘, cp.get(‘db‘, ‘host‘)     # host of db: 127.0.0.1print‘host of ssh:‘, cp.get(‘ssh‘, ‘host‘)   # host of ssh: 192.168.1.101

d) Read configuration information by type: Getint, GetFloat, and Getboolean

Print type (cp.getint (' db ', ' Port '))        # <type ' int ' >

e) determine if option exists

1	printcp.has_option(‘db‘, ‘host‘)    # True

f) Set option

1	cp.set(‘db‘, ‘host‘,‘192.168.1.102‘)

g) Delete option

1	cp.remove_option(‘db‘, ‘host‘)

h) Determine if a section exists

Print cp.has_section (' db ')    # True

i) Add section

Cp.add_section (' New_sect ')

j) Delete section

Cp.remove_section (' db ')

k) Save configuration, set, Remove_option, Add_section, and remove_section do not modify the configuration file, the Write method can write the configuration of the Configparser object to the file

Cp.write (Open (' myapp.conf ', ' W ')) Cp.write (sys.stdout)

Unicode-encoded configuration

If the configuration file contains Unicode-encoded data, you need to use the codecs module to open the configuration file with the appropriate encoding.

Myapp.conf

[Msg]hello = Hello

config_parser_unicode.py

Import Configparserimport CODECSCP = Configparser.safeconfigparser () with Codecs.open (' myapp.conf ', ' R ', encoding= ' Utf-8 ') as F:    CP.READFP (f) Print cp.get (' msg ', ' hello ')

Allow_no_value

Typically, option is a key-value pair. However, when the Safeconfigparser parameter allow_no_value is set to True, it allows option to not set the value but only as an identity.

Allow_no_value.conf

# option as Flag
[Flag]
Flag_opt

allow_no_value.py

Import CONFIGPARSERCP = Configparser.safeconfigparser (Allow_no_value = True) cp.read (' myapp.conf ') print cp.get (' flag ' , ' flag_opt ');    # None

Allow_no_value is set to False by default, if there is an option in the configuration file that does not have a value set, an exception configparser.parsingerror is thrown when the configuration file is read. When Allow_no_value is set to True, if an option is not set the value, the Has_option method returns the True,get method returns None.

DEFAULT section

If there is a section in the configuration file named DEFAULT, then the other sections extend its option and can override its option.

Db.conf

[default]host = 127.0.0.1port = 3306[db_root]user = Rootpass = Root[db_huey]host = 192.168.1.101user = Hueypass = Huey

default_section.py

Print Cp.get (' Db_root ', ' host ')    # 127.0.0.1print Cp.get (' Db_huey ', ' host ')    # 192.168.1.101

interpolation interpolation

Safeconfigparser provides interpolation features to combine data.

Url.conf

[Default]url =% (protocol) s://% (server) s:% (port) s/[http]protocol = Httpserver = Localhostport = 8080[ftp]url =% ( Protocol) s://% (server) S/protocol = Ftpserver = 192.168.1.102

interpolation_demo.py

Import CONFIGPARSERCP = Configparser.safeconfigparser () cp.read (' url.conf ') print cp.get (' http ', ' URL ')    #// Localhost:8080/print cp.get (' ftp ', ' URL ')     # ftp://192.168.1.102/

For more configparser use, refer to:

http://blog.csdn.net/zm2714/article/details/8002125

Python Read configuration file Configparser