"Reading Notes", "Brother Linux Private Cuisine-Basic knowledge" section II Basic commands

Section II Basic commands

2. Uname–r Query the Linux core version.
   
   

4. The file name of the device and device within Linux

   IDE HDD/dev/hd[a-d]
   SCSI/SATA/USB HDD/dev/sd[a-p]
   USB Flash Disc/dev/sd[a-p]
   Floppy disk drive/dev/fd[0-1]
   Printer 25-pin:/dev/lp[0-2]
   USB:/DEV/USB/LP[0-15]
   Mouse Usb:/dev/usb/mouse[0-15]
   Ps2:/dev/psaux
   Current Cdrom/dvdrom/dev/cdrom
   The current mouse/dev/mouse
   Tape drive Ide:/dev/ht0
   Scsi:/dev/st0
   
   

6. X window and text mode switch: [Ctrl] + [Alt] + [F1]~[F6]
   
   

8. Linux kernel version--2.6.18-92.el5--motherboard ben. Minor version. Release version-modified version
   
   
10. When the instruction is too long, you can use a backslash () to jump off the [Enter] symbol, making the instruction contiguous to the next line.
    
    
12. Displays the currently supported language families:
    echo $LANG; Modify the language to become the English language: Lang=en_us.
    
    

14. Instructions for displaying the date: Date +%y/%m/%d/%h:%m

16. Instructions for displaying calendars: cal [month] [year]
    
    

18. Calculator: BC Scale=number, that number is the decimal place
    
    
20. Hotkey [Tab]: Command completion, File complete
    
    
22. Hotkey [ctrl]-c: Interrupts the instruction in operation
    
    
24. Hotkey [ctrl]-d: Keyboard input ended, or equivalent to exit
    
    
26. "DATE (1)"
    1. Instructions or executables that the user can manipulate in the shell environment
    2. System core can call functions and tools, etc.
    3. Some common functions and libraries, most of which are C function libraries
    4. Description of the device file, usually in/dev file
    5. configuration files or the format of some files
    6. Games
    7. Conventions and protocols, such as Linux file system, network protocol, ASCII code and other instructions
    8. Administrative instructions available to system administrators
    9. Documents related to Kernel
    
    
28. Mans page
    Name brief instruction, data name description
    Synopsis Brief Introduction to instruction syntax
    DESCRIPTION more complete instructions, look carefully!
    Options description of the option available for the Synopsis section
    COMMANDS instructions that can be issued in this program when the program is executed
    Files The document that the program or data uses or connects to
    See ALSO Additional instructions related to this directive or data
    EXAMPLE examples to be consulted
    BUGS Related bugs
    Man page operation
    Space down one page
    [Page DOWN] turn up one page
    [Page UP] turn up one page
    [Home] First page
    [end] Last page
    [tab] moves between node, where node is displayed with a *
    [Enter] When the cursor is on node, enter to enter the node
    /string Search Down String
    ? String Search up string
    N,n n Search down, n search up
    Q End this man page
    
    
30. Man–f data uses the-f option to get more data-related information
    Man–k data will be listed as long as data is the key word
    Whatis [instruction or data] (equivalent to man–f)
    Apropos [instruction or data] (equivalent to man–k)
    These two special instructions should be able to be used, to have the establishment of the Whatis database (Makewhatis)
    
    

32. Info page
    Space down one page
    [Page DOWN] turn up one page
    [Page UP] turn up one page
    [tab] moves between node, where node is displayed with a *
    [Enter] When the cursor is on node, enter to enter the node
    b cursor moves to the first node of the info page
    The e cursor moves to the last node of the info page
    N Next Node
    P Previous Node
    U Move up one layer
    S (/) search in Info page
    H Display Help options
    ？ Instruction List
    Q End this info page
    
    

34. Observing the state of use of the system
    If you want to see who is online, you can release the "who" this directive, and if you want to see the network of online status, you can release "netstat-a" This command, and to see the background of the program can be executed "ps-aux" this command.
    
    

36. Synchronizing data to the LED order on the hard disk: Sync
    
    
38. Customary shutdown instruction: shutdown
    -R: Restart the system after it has been shut down
    -H: Shut down the system immediately after the service is stopped
    
    
40. Reboot, Shutdown: Reboot, Halt, Poweroff
    
    
42. Toggle Execution Level: init n
    0: Turn off the machine.
    1: Single-user mode, the system only allows the root user to log in, single-user mode is generally used to maintain the system.
    2: Multi-user mode, the system will refuse to provide services to other computers on the network.
    3: Full Multi-user mode: The operating level at which the Linux system works in command-line mode.
    4: Unallocated use: This level is primarily customized by the developer for its functionality, microcontroller or other systems
    5: Graphical mode: The user will use the graphical interface to log in and use the Linux system.
    6: Reboot.
    
    
44. Ubuntu Get root permissions sudo–i, change password: passwd, switch User su osm.
    CentOS Get root permissions su, switch user su osm.

"Reading Notes", "Brother Linux Private Cuisine-Basic knowledge" section II Basic commands