by Toper Lv
2015.8.16
You may have had a similar experience in the process of accessing various documents on the Internet. A document that does not describe the experimental environment of the author of the document, or the description of the experimental environment is unclear. Therefore, once the document content operation error, it is difficult to determine the cause of the problem is the environment is different, or the process of their own error. ,
I naturally can not avoid the above situation, so I write the document as much as possible to describe their own environment, I hope other people reference this document will not be too confused.
1 Lab Environment 1.1 hardware configuration
The lab environment for this document is virtual machines, with VMware WorkStation 11, the virtual Hardware version 10 (which can be directly understood as using VMware WorkStation 10), and the hardware configuration assigned to the virtual machine is as follows:
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1.2 Operating system
version: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.4 x86_x64-Desktop
Language: Chinese
Host Name:Oracle
IP :192.168.80.80
partitions: as follows
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1.3 Oracle installation Package
Oracle Official website is currently only available to download to 11.2.0.1 's installation package, so the installation package of this document please Baidu to find resources to download.
version:11.2.0.4
installation package file name:db_112040_linux-x86-64_1of7.zip, Db_112040_linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
2 Prepare before installation 2.1 Turn off the firewall
[[email protected] ~]# service iptables stop
[email protected] ~]# chkconfig iptables off
2.2 Configuring host Names
[email protected] ~]# vim/etc/hosts
192.168.80.80 Oracle #在/etc/hosts file add as downstream
2.3 Configuring the Yum Source
Connect the RHEL6.4 installation disc to the optical drive and mount the disc
[email protected] ~]# Mount/dev/cdrom/media
[email protected] ~]# Vim/etc/yum.repos.d/rhel6.repo
[RHEL6]
Name=rhel6.4-iso
Baseurl=file:///media
Gpgcheck=0
Enabled=1
[email protected] ~]# yum Clean all
2.4 Installing Packages
The following are the predecessor packages required for Oracle installation.
[email protected] ~]# yum install-y binutils-2.* compat-libstdc++-33* elfutils-libelf-* gcc-4* gcc-c++* glibc* libaio* libgcc* libstdc++-* make-3.* sysstat* unixodbc*
There is a Pdksh installation package RHEL6.4 The image is not, you need to go online search and download, and then upload to our server for installation.
The installation package is uploaded to the root home directory.
[email protected] ~]# yum install-y./pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm
2.5 Creating users and groups
In order to compare specifications, the ID of the user and group is specified, or it can be unspecified.
Create user Oracle, password passw0rd; Create group Oinstall, DBA.
[email protected] ~]# groupadd-g oinstall
[[email protected] ~]# groupadd-g 5001 dba
[email protected] ~]# useradd-u 5000-g oinstall-g dba Oracle
[email protected] ~]# echo ' Passw0rd ' | passwd--stdin Oracle
2.6 Configuring the Kernel
The purple font is the existing content and needs to be changed according to the document. Green is added to the new content.
[email protected] ~]# vim/etc/sysctl.conf
#单个共享内存段的最大值 (cannot exceed the size of its own memory, the value set here is 2G)
Kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
#可以使用的共享内存的总页数
Kernel.shmall = 2097152
#该参数是共享内存段的最大数量, the default value of 4096 is recommended
Kernel.shmmni = 4096
Kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
#该参数决定了系统中所允许的文件句柄最大数目, the file handle setting represents the number of files that can be opened on a Linux system
Fs.file-max = 6815744
#套接字接收缓冲区大小的缺省值
Net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
#套接字接收缓冲区大小的最大值
Net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
#套接字发送缓冲区大小的缺省值
Net.core.wmem_default = 262144
#套接字发送缓冲区大小的最大值
Net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
#此参数限制并发未完成的请求, you should set up to avoid I/O subsystem failure
FS.AIO-MAX-NR = 1048576
#IP4的端口可使用范围
Net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
[email protected] ~]# /sbin/sysctl-p
Executing this command causes the modified kernel parameters to take effect immediately, ignoring the following error message
Error: "Net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables" is an unknown key
Error: "Net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables" is an unknown key
Error: "Net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables" is an unknown key
2.7 Configuring Resource Limits
Add the following in the resource limit
[email protected] ~]# vim/etc/security/limits.conf
Oracle Soft Nproc 2047
Oracle Hard Nproc 16384
Oracle Soft Nofile 1024
Oracle Hard Nofile 65536
Oracle Soft Stack 10240
2.8 Creating the installation directory
Create an Oracle installation directory and change the directory owner, owning group
[email protected] ~]# mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle
[email protected] ~]# chown-r oracle:oinstall/u01/
2.9 Configuring environment variables
Switch to the Oracle user you created.
[email protected] ~]# su-oracle
[[email protected] ~]$ vim. Bash_profile
Oracle_base=/u01/app/oracle
Oracle_home= $ORACLE _base/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_SID=ORCL #这里指定的ORACLE_SID为数据库实例名
Ld_library_path= $ORACLE _home/lib
Path= $PATH: $HOME/bin: $ORACLE _home/bin
Export oracle_base oracle_home oracle_sid ld_library_path PATH
Make environment variables effective
[email protected] ~]$ source/home/oracle/.bash_profile
3 Oracle Installation
Oracle installation is divided into two steps: Oracle software Installation and database creation, which can be done in two steps, or in two steps, where only two-step installation is demonstrated.
Sign in with an Oracle user to install.
3.1 Oracle Software Installation
Uploading an Oracle installation package to a user's Oracle home directory
[[email protected] ~]$ ls
Db_112040_linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
Db_112040_linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
Unzip the installation package and automatically create the database directory
[email protected] ~]$ unzip Db_112040_linux-x86-64_1of7.zip; Unzip Db_112040_linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
Open another terminal and use the root user to perform the following command to ensure that the Oracle graphical installation interface can be called properly
[email protected] ~]# Xhost +
Specifies that the output language is en_US to prevent the installation interface from garbled
[email protected] ~]$ export Lang=en_us
[[email protected] ~]$ CD Database
[email protected] database]$ ./runinstaller
The installer opens the Oracle graphical installation interface
Uncheck the box and the next step
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Yes
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Skip Software Updates
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Install database software only (previously mentioned here to demonstrate the software and create a separate installation of databases)
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Single Instance database installation (one-instance DB installation)
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Add Language: Simplified Chinese
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Enterprise Edtion (Corporate Edition)
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Oracle automatically chooses a set of installation paths based on the environment variables, directly next
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Next
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The following blank selection box selects Oinstall,next
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This step is to check the pre-installation configuration environment, because we have configured all the preparation environment, so this step will be automatically skipped after the detection pass. The following is a step backward detection of dependent packages
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Install
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The software installs to the last step, will jump out the following script execution prompt
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Open a terminal, log in with Root, and execute the script that requires execution. After execution, click OK on the graphical interface.
[email protected] ~]# /u01/app/orainventory/orainstroot.sh
[email protected] ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
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Installation Complete, Close
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3.2 Creating a Database
Log in with Oracle user, execute command: DBCA
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Create a Database
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Default selection: General purpose/Transaction processing
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Set the database name and SID based on the ORACLE_SID set in the environment variable, set here: ORCL
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Since monitoring is not started, the following menu switch will have a warning
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Use an Oracle user login to start the listener. Monitor start back GUI Point ok
[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl start
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Select all users to set the same password (please set the password for these users in the official business)
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Prompt to set password in the previous step is not secure, yes continue
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Select: Use oracle-managed Files
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Leave the default, Next
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Next
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Other not set, Character Set selection: UTF8
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Next
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Leave the default, Finish
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Ok
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The database starts to install, please wait patiently
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Exit (the password has just been set, this is not in the password management)
The GUI automatically shuts down after exiting and the database installation is complete.
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4 Viewing Database 4.1 listening
Executed under the Oracle user.
4.1.1 Viewing the Listening status
After the installation of the previous steps, the default listener has been started to view the listening status.
[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl Status
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4.1.2 Start/Turn off monitoring
Start monitoring
[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl start
Turn off monitoring
[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl stop
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4.2 Database
Executed under the Oracle user.
4.2.1 View database Status
Default database is started, connect to database, view database status
[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus/as sysdba
sql> Select status from V$instance;
sql> Select Open_mode from V$database;
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4.2.2 Start/Close Database
Start the database
sql> Startup
Close the database
sql> Shutdown Immediate
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Red Hat Enterprise 6.4 Installing Oracle 11gR2