Redhat 5 Series DIY Mini Linux One

How user space accesses and monitors the kernel:

/proc,/sys

Pseudo File System:

/proc/sys: Files in this directory a lot of things to read and write

/sys/: Some files can be written

Setting kernel parameters is worth the method:

Echo Value>/proc/sys/to/somefile

Sysctl-w Kernel.hostname=hostname Here is the equivalent of

echo HOSTNAME >/proc/sys/kernel/hostname

Permanently valid:/etc/sysctl.conf immediately after modification effective: sysctl-p

SYSCTL-A: Show all kernel parameters and values

Kernel Module Management:

Lsmod: View

Modprobe mod_name Loading a module

Modprobe-r Mod_name Uninstalling a module

Modinfo: View specific information about the module

Insmod/path/to/module_file Loading Module

Rmmod Mod_name

Depmod/path/tp/modiles_dir

Compile the kernel:

3 Options for compiling:

1. Do not use this feature

2. Compile into kernel module

3. Compiling into the kernel

How to manually compile the kernel:

Make Gconfig:gnome desktop use, need to install the Graphics Development Library tool

Make Kconfig:kde Desktop use

Make Menuconfig: File interface

(By default, when we finish, we will build the. config file in the directory of the compiled kernel, and you can copy the/boot/config-' uname-r ' file to the current one if you don't want to choose it. config, and then select Modify)

Make

Make Module_install

Make install

Two compile-time cleanup, before cleaning, remember to back up if necessary. config

Make clean deletes most of the compiled build files, but retains the kernel's configuration files. config, and enough compilation

Make Mrproper Delete all compiled build files, as well as kernel configuration files, plus various backup files
Make Distclean mrproper deleted files, plus edit backup files and some patch files.

Start DIY Mini Linux below

1. Mount a new hard disk to a virtual machine

   Process slightly

   
   

2. partition, format, and mount a new hard disk

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   Mke2fs-j/DEV/SDB1

   Mke2fs-j/DEV/SDB2

   Mkdir/mnt/{boot,sysroot}-P

   Mount/dev/sdb1/mnt/boot

   Mount/dev/sdb2/mnt/sysroot

   
   

3. Install the boot partition and provide the grub.conf file

   Grub-install--root-directory=/mnt//dev/sdb

   (This directory specifies the parent directory where the boot directory of the new hard disk is located, and the grub file directory will be generated in boot after completion)

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4. Copy the kernel and INITRD files to/boot

cp/boot/vmlinuz-' Uname-r '/mnt/boot/vmlinuz

(INITRD file can not be used directly, need to modify a few places, so we first extract to a directory)

Mkdir/mnt/init

Cd/mnt/init

zcat/boot/initrd-' uname-r '. IMG |cpio-id

Vi/mnt/init/init Modify the following items:

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(LVM we do not need to use, so first write off, Mkrootdev inside the device to pay attention to a little, we currently have SDA on the system, so identify the new hard disk as SDB, but the new hard disk will be recognized as SDA when used alone, and the root file system is located in the partition 2nd partition, So we'll replace it with/dev/sda2.

Find. |cpio-h NEWC--quiet-o|gzip-9 >/mnt/boot/initrd.img

5. Create the root file system and copy the program:

mkdir bin sbin Boot etc/{rc.d,init.d} usr/{local,bin,sbin,lib} lib lib64 proc sys Dev TMP home-p

(To save time, write a script that directly copies the commands of Bash, init, LS, etc.)

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Test if you can chroot

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6. Provide configuration file Inittab, and Rc.sysinit

Vi/mnt/sysroot/etc/inittab Add the following two lines:

Id:3:initdefault:

Si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit

Vi/mnt/sysroot/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit

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chmod +x/mnt/sysroot/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit

7. At this point, a not perfect mini Linux has been able to start, the next one to talk about how to perform the run level characters and mount the root partition for reading and writing, so that the system can switch machine, and now test, should be able to start the.

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Redhat 5 Series DIY Mini Linux One