Rules and installation of Linux

Rules and installation of Linux

* Netstat-n View Session

* NETSTAT-NB View Establish session process

* Netstat-an Viewing listening ports

* SS-TNL View System listening port

* ipconfig view network card IP address, gateway, subnet mask and other status information

IP Addr List View network card IP address, gateway, subnet mask, and other status information

*hostname Viewing host names

* Telnet IP port to see if a port on an IP host is turned on

* Locale View system's character set

* LOCALECTL List Display system's character set writing format

* IPTABLES-L-N View Firewall

* Systemctl Status Firewalld.service View firewall

* Iptables-f Service emptied

* Systemctl Disable Firewalld.service off firewall (CENTOS7)

Systemctl Stop Firewalld.service Firewall off (CentOS 7)

* Service iptables Stop shutdown Firewall (CENTOS6)

Chkconfig iptables off Firewall (CENTOS6)

* Echo $shell See all shell types

* TTY View terminal equipment

* STARTX & Switch to graphical interface

* Ports used by common application layer protocols

http=80 https=443 rdp=3389 ftp=21 shared file =445

pop3=110 receive mail telnet=23 sql=1433 dns=53 smtp=25

* Open the appropriate port for server network security

* Halt Poweoff Shutdown-n now off

* Reboot Shutdown-r now restart

* "Sector" consists of a circle consisting of a "track", the same magnetic surface above the disc can form a "cylinder"

* Sector size is 512B

* MBR is 512B (master boot partition)

1.MBR can install "boot loader" loader, 446B

2. Partition table: Record the state of the entire hard disk partition, 64B, can accommodate up to 4 partitions

* Four groups of partitions are "primary partition" and "Extended partition"

* The smallest unit of the partition is "cylinder"

* Partition with extended partition is "logical Partition", logical partition device number starts with number 5th.

* The primary and extended partitions can have a maximum of 4

* Extended partitions can be up to one

* The partition that can be formatted as data access is "primary partition" and "Logical Partition"

* "Extended partition" cannot be formatted

* IDE HDD has up to 59 logical partitions (number 5-63)

* SATA HDD has up to 11 logical partitions (number 5-15)

* If the extended partition is corrupted, all logical partitions will be deleted

* CMOS: Memory that records various hardware parameters and is embedded on the motherboard

* BIOS: Boot active firmware, will know the first boot device

* MBR: Master boot partition

*boot Loader: Boot loader

* MBR: The primary boot partition block for the first sector of the first bootable device, boot loader can be installed in the boot sector of each partition in addition to the MBR. , each partition has its own "boot sector"

* If you want to install multiboot, it's a good idea to install Windows first, then install Linux, because Windows will overwrite the Linux MBR

* Swap is preferably 1.5 to twice times the physical memory

* Linux NOFB Opm=off acpi=off pci=noacpi power off module (notebook)

*/etc/inittab Modify the boot terminal number

* Echo $LANG Display supported languages

* Lang=en_us language changed to English

* Date +%y/%m/%d 2016/01/05

* Date +%h:%m 12:23

* Cal Display Calendar cal 05 2015 display calendar for May 2015

* BC Calculator scale=3 Show 3 digits after decimal point

* CTRL + C Run Terminal

* Ctrl+d Termination input

* Man View Help

* Make Whatis Create Whatis database

* Info online Help Document

* Info file is placed by default on/usr/share/info

* Nano Super Simple text editor

* Who sees who is currently online

* Netstat-a View Network online status

* PS aux view program executed in the background

* Sync data is written to disk synchronously

                                                                       

*/sbin/shutdown [-t seconds] time warning

-T after seconds "shutdown after a few seconds"

-K don't really shut down, just send a warning message

-R Restart the system immediately after the system service is stopped

-H shuts down immediately after the service is stopped

-N does not go through the INIT program, directly shuts down the machine

-F Power off and power on, Force skip fsck disk Check

-F Force the fsck disk check after a system restart

-C Cancel the shutdown command

#shutdown-H 20:25 system shuts down in today's 20:25 session

#shutdown-H +10 system shuts down automatically after 10 minutes

#shutdown-R +30 ' The system would reboot ' The system restarts in 30 minutes.

* TAB command completion, complete file completion

* Mans

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* Init switch Execution level

This article is from the "lkm" blog, make sure to keep this source http://boblkm.blog.51cto.com/10835326/1732804

Rules and installation of Linux