Shortcut Keys for operations in Linux

Shortcut Key for operations in Linux system 1. log on to the virtual console and press the Alt + F2 key to see the "login:" prompt. This is the second virtual console. Generally, the newly installed Linux has four virtual consoles, which can be accessed from "Alt + F1" to "Alt + F4. The most useful time in the virtual console is that when a program fails to lock the input, you can switch to another virtual console. log on to the console and run the kill command to kill the faulty process. 2. after the copy and paste character interface (whether Slackware or RedHat) is installed, a program named gpm is automatically run at each startup. After the program runs, you can copy and paste the program with the mouse. The specific method is to press and hold the left mouse button to drag the text to be copied to the white, then the white area has been copied, right-click the copied content and paste it at the cursor position. In X-Window, the copy operation is the same as in the character interface. If you use a three-Key mouse, press and paste it. If it is a two-Key mouse, press the left and right keys at the same time (the condition is that Emulate 3 Button must be selected in the mouse setting when XF86 is configured ). 3. Enter some directories and type cd ~ You can access your home directory. Type cd-to enter the previous directory. 4. display the color directory list under RedHat. Open/etc/bashrc and add the following line: alias ls = "ls -- color" the color directory list can be displayed as in Slackware when bash is started next time. The meanings of different colors are as follows: blue → directory green → Executable File red → compressed file light blue → link file gray → other files 5. command file path: If you type some commands (such as find, shutdown, mount, and startx), do you want to know which directory the files are stored in? Run the command "whereis", for example, # whereis startx 6. to find a file, add some parameters to the find command to find the file, for example, # find/usr-name XF86Setup-print. find the file XF86Setup in/usr. 7. After deleting useless core files, sometimes a file named core is generated. This file is usually large and useless and can be deleted to free up space. 8. in Linux, after you type the mc command at a prompt, you will see a very similar interface with Norton Commander. In fact, the functions are very similar or even more powerful, for example, you can directly operate the files in the .tar.gz package (a bit like ZipMagic ). 9. when running the X-Window program in the background to execute an X-Window program, do not forget to add an & sign (for example, # netscape &) to it. Otherwise, you cannot enter commands in the terminal window before exiting the program. 10. forced exit of X-Window sometimes causes program errors in X-Window, so that the mouse and keyboard do not work, so don't worry, in Linux, there will be almost no vicious crashes like in Win 9x. You only need to press Ctrl + Alt + BackSpace to return to the character interface. Command mode x // Delete the character where the cursor is located. r // modify the character where the cursor is located. R // enter the retrieval and replacement status. S // Delete the character of the cursor and enter the input mode. S // Delete the column where the cursor is located and enter the input mode. U // restores the deleted text. U // restores all changes in the column where the cursor is located. Ctrl + a: move the cursor to the beginning of the line. Ctrl + e: move the cursor to the end of the row. Ctrl + l: Clear the terminal. This shortcut works the same as typing clear in the command line. Ctrl + d: log out and close from the Shell prompt. You do not need to enter exit when using this shortcut key. Ctrl + u: Clear the current row. If you work under the command line, use this shortcut to clear the characters from the cursor to the beginning of the line. Ctrl + Alt + Fn: Switch the screen. Ctrl + Alt + one of the function keys will display a new screen. According to the default settings, from F1 to F6 is the Shell prompt screen. Ctrl + K: delete all characters from the cursor to the end of the line. Up and down arrows: displays the command history. Bash stores the list of commands you have previously typed. This list is called the command history table. Speace + B: call a word forward. Mouse center key: paste the highlighted text. Use the left mouse button to highlight the text, point the cursor to the place where you want to paste the text, and click the middle key to paste the text. In the two-Key mouse system, if you set the mouse to simulate the third key, you can click both the left and right keys of the mouse to paste it. Tab: command line auto-completion. Ctrl + Alt + Delete: shutdown and reboot. This method is used only when the shutdown fails. Linux Union collection command mode CTRL-] Jump to the label corresponding to the current word; CTRL-G displays the current file information and the current cursor position information; CTRL-W CTRL-^ separates a window to edit the previous file (# represents the file); CTRL-W CTRL-C closes the current window; CTRL-T returns to the position before the call tag, corresponds to CTRL;★Insert mode CTRL-C exit insert mode, back to command mode, equivalent to Esc; CTRL-[same CTRL-C; CTRL-D reduce indent; CTRL-T increase indent; CTRL-W remove the entire word before the cursor;★In command line mode, the CTRL-C exits the insert mode and returns to the command mode, which is equivalent to Esc; note: In command line mode in the old vi, Esc is used to execute commands rather than exit, but in vim in command line mode, Esc has been set as a bounce key; The CTRL-D shows all possible options; the CTRL-R CTRL-W gets the word at the cursor to the command line; k, h, l, left, right, j, down, ^, move to the first non-space character of the row w, move a word forward, use a symbol or punctuation as a word processing W, move a word forward, do not treat a symbol or punctuation as a word. B. Move a word backward. Use a symbol or punctuation as a word. B. Move a word backward, do not treat symbols or punctuation as words 0 to the beginning of the line $ to the end of the line gg to the top G to the end of the page line number + G jump to the specified line Ctrl + g query the current row information and the current file information fx jump to x of the line to the right (x can be any character) fx jumps to x on the left (x can be any character). tx and fx are the same. The difference is that before x, Tx and Fx are the same. Then CTRL + U scroll up half screen CTRL + D scroll down half screen LINUX Desktop Tips 1. this is often the case: select a large segment of content on the browser page, right-click the pop-up menu and select copy to kword. openoffice or other word processing software documents are often not pasted. if the selected content is shorter, why? Is there any solution? Atfa: My solution is to paste it into vim and then process it. It seems that vim can accept a very long paste. 2. how can I create a custom icon shortcut for an application on the KDE menu and desktop? Linux blind: First, let's talk about how to create a shortcut that allows custom icons for an application in the KDE menu: 1. Right-click to start, in the displayed dialog box, select "Panel-menu Editor ". 2. In the pop-up menu Editor, click "new menu item" and enter the corresponding name. 3. Click the Browse icon next to the command item to find the program for creating a shortcut. 4. Click the Browse icon next to the working path to find the folder where the program is located. 5. Click the big icon at the end of the working path to match the shortcut with your favorite icon. 6. In the current key column, you can set a shortcut key for the program! 7. Click application and open the Start menu to see if the shortcut you just created is displayed in the Start Menu! Next, let's talk about how to create a shortcut that allows custom icons for an application on the KDE Desktop: the first method: Move the shortcut created in the menu to the desktop with the left button, after you release the mouse, select "Copy to here" in the pop-up dialog box to create a shortcut on the desktop. To modify the shortcut icon, right-click the shortcut and select "feature" in the pop-up dialog box! (You can also use the preceding method to create other shortcuts on the desktop.) Method 2: Right-click the blank area of the desktop and select "new-application link" in the displayed dialog box ". In the displayed window, click "execute" and click the Browse key next to the command bar to find the corresponding program. Click "regular" to name, change the icon, and click "OK". A shortcut is created on the desktop! 3. How to create shortcuts on GNOME desktop? Dalin: Right-click the desktop and select "new luncher" (spelling error ?) ", Or right-click the file manager and drag the execution file to the desktop. Select" create link. clear the browsing history of Konqueror jhcc: Open Konqueror and display the navigation panel. The third item is history. The right-click menu has the history clearing function. 5. How to change the Desktop Manager (KDE and GNOME )? Llc: if you use the character interface startx to enter the Desktop Manager, run switchdesk KDE or switchdesk GNOME and then startx to access different desktop managers. if you use a graphical logon manager, it is easier to select the Desktop Manager you want to log on to in session (sessions), and then you can log on 6. in the built-in Input Method miniChinput of rh8.0, how does one switch the half/full-width punctuation mark? Llc: press CTRL +. Switch 7. Clear the address records in the drop-down list box in the konqueror address bar. llc: Convert ~ /. Delete the kde/share/config/konq_history file to clear the records in the address bar drop-down box. of course, if you like, you can edit it and select which are retained and not retained (on rh8.0 kde3) 8. how do I remove the name of the execution program history menu at the top of the K menu ??? Llc: "Control Center"-"Perception"-"Panel"-"menu"-"Max" Quick Start "project count", set to 0, so that you cannot see the historical menu items, alternatively, edit ~ /. Kde/share/config/kickerrc, find a line like the following: recent1_stat = 2 1035439257 System Settings/gnome-gdmsetup.desktop, 9 1037074821 System this line is to record the history of those running programs, the preceding number indicates the number of running times. If you do not like it, you can delete all the numbers following the equal signs of this line. After cancellation, the number will disappear. (Of course, you can choose to retain what you want) 9. add a Quick Start icon shuxian to the bottom panel of the red hatlinux desktop: for example, to add a Quick Start icon for the star translator, you can directly drag the execution file of the interstellar translation king to the task bar. In the displayed dialog box, you can enter the information, enter the name, prompt, and other information you want, and then select a nice icon, click OK. A quick start icon is ready! 10. How can I change the KDE splash startup screen? Llc: Replace the image 11 in/usr/share/apps/ksplash. tips for MDK: (1) use mozilla to open the html file control center-file browsing-text-html-embedded-display files in the new viewer (2) use Xkill to kill the xwindows window: Application-system monitoring tool. We recommend that you drag a shortcut to the desktop. This is a very useful tool. RH also has (3) double-click to open the file: configuration -- KDE-peripherals -- mouse (4) Select a part of content from anywhere with the mouse, in the other receiving character window, press the key, try it, this applies to any linux system (5) alt + f2 can run programs, similar to running 12 in windows. konqueror flash plug-in llc: konqueror does not support 5.0 flash plug-ins well. It is recommended that you use the 6.0flash plug-in on this site. konqueror can be easily loaded, install the software in the mozilla installation directory. Then, in the konqueror plug-in scan path settings, point the plug-in path to the mozilla plug-in directory, scan again to find the new plug-in, and then re-run konqueror to support flash 13. how does one exit from the X window interface to the character interface? Conclusion: (1) Ctrl + Alt + F1 ~ F6 can be instantly switched to the six Linux consoles, Ctrl + Alt + F7 and then return xWindows (2) if you use startx to access xwin, you can also press ctrl + alt + backspace to forcibly exit xwin (3) and run init 3, or exit the graphical interface to enter Character Mode 14. what is gmtms? What is KDM? How to switch? How to Set it? Llc: Modifying/etc/inittab is the most reliable. For details, refer to: 15. How can I enable the system to automatically run some mini programs when starting the KDE or GNOME window? llc: ~ /. Create a shortcut or link under the kde/Autostart folder. This folder serves as the "Start" folder of win98. if it is GNOME, you should add a session in the last tag column (the name is forgotten) in "other"-"preference"-"Sessions, enter the command to run the program (rh8, similar to other systems) 16. how to customize K menus? Llc: Right-click the K menu icon, choose menuedit, or run kmenuedit17. in rh8, how does kde rename the "recycle bin" and change its icon? Llc: you can right-click the icon and modify the name ~ /Desktop/waste paper basket /. directory-related name segments (such as [zh_CN]) to achieve (practice has proved that UTF-8 encoding is not required, the original post error) 18. summary of the hidden files in the directory in XWINDOW: Use the ls-a command in the terminal, if it is kde, in konqueror's "View" menu, select "Show Hidden Files". If gnome is displayed, see 19. what if the KDE Desktop icon disappears? Pk: One of the common scenarios where KDE fails but does not crash is that the desktop (including wallpaper and desktop icons) disappears and core files are generated in the user directory. In many cases, the user has to quit X and then start again to solve this problem. In fact, you only need to simply run/usr/bin/kdesktop without parameters in terminal (for example, konsole, rxvt, or even cxterm not recommended) to restore the desktop. In addition, the program corresponding to the taskbar is/usr/bin/kicker. If you accidentally use xkill to kill the taskbar, you can run kicker without parameters to retrieve it. In fact, kde starts kdesktop, starts kicker, and starts 20 gadgets such as ktip and klipper. how to capture screen images in rh8: press the printscreen key in gnome, run ksnapshot in kde, or download a screenshot capture software by yourself, for example, the common shortcut for captura21gnome ctl + B bookmarks ctl + d copy and paste ctl + f search shift + ctl + f Web Search ctl + I display attribute page ctl + h switch to homectl + u to the upper level ctl + n create new folder ctl + o open ctl + w Close Window shift + ctl + w close all windows ctl + = enlarge ctl +-zoom in ctl + [return ctl +] Forward ctl + t put it in the garbage bin ctl + r refresh Ctrl + Alt + d Display desktop (carton friend added) 22KDE common shortcut key ctl + tab switch work desktop alt + tab switch application alt + f1 open application menu alt + f2 open command window alt + f3 Open Window Menu alt + f4 Close Window f1 help f2 search f3 on the page search next space select/cancel selected file ctl + n open file manager find open webpage ctl + a select all files and directories in the current directory ctl + t open a terminal ctl + w in the current directory close the window ctl + f search file ctl + c copy ctl + v paste Ctrl + Alt + d Display Desktop