Some commands and techniques in linux

Some commands and tips in linux 1. ctrl + Alt + F1 can be quickly switched to the command line, Ctrl + Alt + F8 and then switched back to the GUI 2. sb_release-a can view the information of the current linux release, getconf LONG_BIT, view the number of operating system digits, top view CPU usage 3. lsof: list all open files. For example, 'lsof-p 100' lists all open files of process 456,123 and 456. 'Lsof-I 6' lists all IPv6 network files. 4. nl: add the row number to each output line. For example: 'cat 1.txt | nl', output the 1.txt file and add the row number 5. CTRL + a and CTRL + e: to the beginning of the command line (ctrl + a) and the end of the line (ctrl + e), especially useful on the keyboard, do not bother finding the HOME and END keys 6.ALT+.: list the last parameter of the previous command. This command is the most commonly used. For example, 'mkdir mydir' and 'CD ALT + .'. Very easy to use 7. CTRL + R: this is also very common, and the search command history is quite convenient. 8. grep/sed/cut/tr/: the combination of these commands can easily parse many files, so we will not give an example one by one. The awk is not commonly used by individuals. I think 'sed 'is enough. 9. find/xargs: this is also very common. find a specific string in a bunch of files. This is often used in combination with the LIST commands in 8. 10. ls-d */: This command only lists all the first-level subdirectories in the current directory, excluding '. 'hide directories. To list Hidden Directories, use 'LS-d. *'. 'Find-type d-maxdepth 1' has a similar effect. 11. id: list all user groups to which the user belongs. 12. Brace Expansion: ls/usr/{, local}/bin "to list all files under"/usr/bin "and"/usr/local/bin. This mechanism is called "Brace Expansion". For another example, "diff. bashrc {,. backup}" shows the differences between. bashrc and. bashrc. backup files. 13. column: A common syntax is 'mount | column-t', or 'df | column-t', making the output easier to read. 14. ssh/sshfs/scp: Use ssh-related tools to make remote work easier. 'Ssh-x' enables the X-forward function. 'Ssh-keygen 'and 'ssh-copy-id' save you the trouble of entering a password each time. Ssh root@10.1.1.1 "Remote Command" lets your command be executed remotely. 'Sshfs root@10.1.1.1:/var // home/root/var' mount the remote directory directly to the local directory. "Scp root@10.1.1.1:. vimrc." copy the. vimrc file in the root user HOME directory on the remote server to your local machine. 15. use '<' to read the file to the standard input. For all commands that accept the standard input, use '<file name' to send a file to the standard input, it can also appear anywhere in the command. For example, the effects of the three commands above "cat filename" "<filename cat" "cat <filename" are identical.