SQL Server Data type

Data Type	Start	End
bigint	-9,223,372,036,854,775,808	9,223,372,036,854,775,807
Int	-2,147,483,648	2,147,483,647
smallint	-32,768	32,767
tinyint	0	255
Bit	0	1
Decimal	-10^38 +1	10^38-1
Numeric	-10^38 +1	10^38-1
Money	-922,337,203,685,477.5808	+922,337,203,685,477.5807
SmallMoney	-214,748.3648	+214,748.3647

Approximate numeric data types:

Data Type	Start	End
Float	-1.79e + 308	1.79E + 308
Real	-3.40E + 38	3.40E + 38

Date and time data type:

Data Type	Start	End
Datetime	Jan 1, 1753	Dec 31, 9999
smalldatetime	Jan 1, 1900	June 6, 2079
Date	Storing data such as: June 30, 1991
Time	Store the time of day, such as: 12:30pm.

Note: Here, the date time has a precision of 3.33 milliseconds, while the smalldatetime has 1 accuracy.

String data type:

Data Type	Start	End
Char	Char	The maximum length is 8000 characters. (fixed-length non-Unicode characters)
varchar	varchar	A maximum of 8,000 characters. (Variable-length non-Unicode data)
varchar (max)	varchar (max)	231 characters for maximum length, variable length non-Unicode data (SQL Server 2005 only)
Text	Text	Variable-length non-Unicode data with a maximum length of 2,147,483,647 characters

Unicode character string data type:

Data Type	Description
NChar	The 4000 character is the maximum length. (fixed-length Unicode)
nvarchar	The 4000 character is the maximum length. (variable-length Unicode)
nvarchar (max)	231 characters (only in SQL Server 2005) maximum length (variable-length Unicode)
ntext	The maximum length is 1,073,741,823 characters. (variable-length Unicode)

Binary data type:

Data Type	Description
Binary	8000 bytes for maximum length (fixed-length binary data)
varbinary	The maximum length of 8000 bytes. (Variable-length binary data)
varbinary (max)	The maximum length of 231 bytes (only in SQL Server 2005). (Variable-length binary data)
Image	The maximum length of 2,147,483,647 bytes. (Variable-length binary data)

Other data types:

Data Type	Description
sql_variant	Different SQL Servers support the storage value of the data type, in addition to text, ntext, and timestamp
Timestamp	Stores unique numbers in the database range, gets each row or update when updated
uniqueidentifier	Store globally Unique identifiers (GUIDs)
Xml	Stores XML data. XML instances that can store a column or variable (only in SQL Server 2005)
Cursor	Referencing the Cursor object
Table	Storage for later processing of result sets

SQL Server Data type