The analysis of B/S and C/s structure

The rapid development of science and technology in the world today, especially the Internet technology represented by communication, computer and network is changing rapidly, it is dazzling and disorderly, 睱. Because of the development and application of the Internet in politics, economy and life, as well as the rapid popularization of the network and the dependence of the whole society on the network, computer network has become the economic foundation and lifeblood of the country, becoming a powerful impetus for social and economic development, its status is more and more important. However, because the mainstream technology research and development enterprises and users of the "B/S" and "C/S" Technology, who is superior who inferior, who represents the development of technology trends and so on issues, has given the procuratorial organs to use "OA (office)" and "Case management" software work to carry out confusion, this article on the two technology development and application prospects to do some discussion , for peer reference.

What is the C/s and b/s

To understand the development and change of "C/S" and "b/S" Technology, we must first figure out three problems.

First, what is the C/s structure.

c/S (CLIENT/SERVER) structure, known as the client and server structure. It is a software system architecture, it can make full use of the advantages of hardware environment at both ends, the task is reasonably allocated to the client side and server side to achieve, reduce the system communication overhead. At present, most of the application software systems are client/server form of two-tier structure, because the current software application system is to the development of distributed Web applications, web and Client/server applications can do the same business process, the application of different modules to share logic components; Both internal and external users have access to new and existing application systems, and new applications can be extended through the logic of existing applications. This is also the current application system development direction.

Although the traditional C/S architecture adopts open mode, it is only open at the level of system development, and it also needs specific software support in specific applications, both client side and server side. Because the user is not able to provide the open environment that users really expect, the software of C/s structure needs to develop different versions of software for different operating system systems, and the replacement of products is very fast, it is difficult to adapt to hundreds of computers above the LAN users at the same time. And the cost is high and the efficiency is low.

Second, what is b/s structure.

b/S (BROWSER/SERVER) structure is the browser and server structure. It is with the rise of internet technology, to C/s structure of a change or improved structure. Under this structure, the user work interface is realized through the WWW browser, and very few of the transaction logic is implemented in the front end (Browser), but the main transaction logic is implemented on the server side, which forms the so-called three-layer 3-tier structure. This greatly simplifies the client computer load, reduces the cost and workload of system maintenance and upgrades, and lowers the total cost of the user (TCO).

According to the current technology, the LAN established b/s structure of the network application, and through the Internet/intranet model database application, relatively easy to grasp, the cost is also low. It is a one-time development, can achieve different people, from different locations, in different access mode (such as lan,wan,internet/intranet, etc.) access and operation of the common database, it can effectively protect the data platform and management access rights, the server database is also very secure. Especially in Java, after the emergence of Cross-platform language, b/s architecture management software is more convenient, fast and efficient.

Third, management software mainstream technology.

The mainstream technology of management software technology and management thought, also experienced three development period. First of all, interface technology from the last century of the DOS character interface to the Windows graphical interface (or graphical user interface GUI), until the browser browser interface three different development periods. Second, today all the computer's browser interface, not only intuitive and easy to use, more important is based on the browser platform of any application software its style is the same, the user of the operation of the training is not high, and the software is strong, easy to identify; Furthermore, the platform architecture has evolved from single users to today's files/ Server (F/S) system, client/server (c/s) system and browser/server (b/s) system.

Two, c/s and b/s comparison

c/S and b/s are the two main technologies in the development mode of the world today. C/S is the United States Borland Company's first research and development, b/S is the U.S. Microsoft Research and development. At present, these two technologies to be mastered by the world, domestic companies to C/s and b/D technology developed products are also many. Both of these technologies have their own market share and customer base, each company said its own management software framework technology powerful, advanced, convenient, can cite their own customer groups, have a large group of literati for their own banner, advertising flying, can be described as different people, benevolent.

1, the advantages and disadvantages of C/s architecture software

(1), application server running data load is lighter.

The simplest database application of the C/S architecture consists of two parts, namely, the client application and the database server program. The two can be called foreground program and background program respectively. The machine that runs the database server program, also known as the application server. Once the server program is started, the client application runs on the user's own computer, which corresponds to the database server, which is called the client computer, and when any action is required on the data in the database, the client automatically looks for the server program and makes a request to it. The server program responds according to predetermined rules, sending back the results, and the application server is running a lighter load of data.

(2), the data storage management function is more transparent.

In the database application, the data storage management function, is done separately by the server program and the client application, the foreground application can violate the rules, and usually the different (whether known or unknown) to run the data, in the server program is not centralized implementation, such as the rights of visitors, numbers can be repeated, There must be a customer to establish such rules as order. All of this, for the end users working in the foreground, are "transparent", and they can do all their work without having to ask (and usually can't) the process behind them. In the application of Client server architecture, the foreground program is not very "thin", the troublesome things are given to the server and network. In the C/s system, the database can not really become a public, specialized warehouse, it is independent of the specialized management.

(3), the disadvantage of C/s architecture is high maintenance cost and large investment.

First of all, using C/S architecture, to choose the appropriate database platform to realize the true "unification" of database data, so that the data distributed in both places to the database system to manage, but the logical two operators to directly access the same database can be effectively implemented, there are some problems, if you need to establish "real-time" Data synchronization, it is necessary to establish real-time communication between the two places, to maintain the online operation of the database server, network management staff to the server maintenance and management, but also to the client maintenance and management, which requires high investment and complex technical support, maintenance costs are high, the maintenance of a large number of tasks.

Secondly, the traditional C/s structure software needs to develop different versions of software for different operating system systems, because of the rapid replacement of products, high cost and low efficiency has not been adapted to the needs of the work. After the emergence of cross-platform language such as Java, b/s architecture is a violent impact on C/s, and poses a threat and challenge to it.

2. Advantages and disadvantages of B/s architecture software

(1), maintenance and upgrade method is simple.

At present, the software system improvement and upgrade more and more frequently, b/s structure of products clearly embodies a more convenient characteristics. For a slightly larger unit, System management personnel if need to run back and forth between hundreds of or even Chich computer, efficiency and workload is conceivable, but B/s software only need to manage the server on the line, all the client is just a browser, do not need to do any maintenance. Regardless of the size of the user, how many branch offices will not increase the workload of any maintenance upgrades, all operations need only for the server, if it is offsite, only need to connect the server to the network can be remote maintenance, upgrades and sharing. So the client is more and more "thin", and the server more and more "fat" is the future of information development mainstream direction. In the future, software upgrades and maintenance will become more and more easy, and the use will be more and more simple, this to the user's manpower, material resources, time, cost savings is obvious, amazing. Therefore, the way to maintain and upgrade the revolution is "thin" clients, "fat" servers.

(2), cost reduction, choose more.

As you all know, Windows is almost eminence on desktop computers and browsers are standard, but Windows is not absolutely dominant on server operating systems. The current trend is to use the B/s architecture of the application management software, just installed on the Linux server can be, and high security. Therefore, the choice of server operating system is many, regardless of the choice of the operating system can make most people use Windows as desktop operating system computer is not affected, this makes the most popular free Linux operating system quickly developed, Linux in addition to the operating system is free of charge, Even the database is free, this choice is very popular.

For example, many people daily " NetEase " (the original Sina) network, as long as the installation of the browser can be, do not need to understand the "NetEase" server is what the operating system, and in fact most of the site does not use the Windows operating system, But the user's computer itself is mostly installed on the Windows operating system.

(3), the application server running data load is heavy.

As the B/s architecture management software is only installed on the server side, network managers only need to manage the server on the line, the user interface main transaction logic in the server (servers) end completely through the WWW browser, very little part of the transaction logic in front (Browser) implementation, All clients have only browsers, and network administrators only need to do hardware maintenance. However, the application server running data load is heavier, once the server "crashes" and other problems, the consequences are unimaginable. As a result, many organizations have database storage servers, just in case.

difference between 3,c/s and b/s

Client/server is based on the LAN, Browser/server is based on the wide area network.

(1), the hardware environment is different:

c/S is generally based on a dedicated network, a small area of the network environment, the LAN through specialized servers to provide connectivity and data exchange services.

b/s based on the WAN, do not need to be a dedicated network hardware environment, such as telephone access, rental equipment, information management, there is more than C/S adaptive range, generally as long as the operating system and browser on the line.

(2), the security requirements are different

c/S is generally oriented to a relatively fixed user base, the ability to control information security is very strong. The general highly confidential information system uses C/s structure suitable, May through the B/S release part may disclose the information.

b/S is built on the wide area network, the ability to control the security is relatively weak, facing the unknown user group.

(3), different to the program architecture

c/S program can pay more attention to the process, the authority can be multi-level calibration, the system can be less speed of operation.

b/S multiple consideration of security and access speed is based on the need for more optimization. higher than c/s requirements, b/s structure of the program is the trend of development, from MS's. NET series of biztalk2000exchange2000, and so on, fully support the network components to build the system. Sun and IBM push the JavaBean component technology, etc., make B/s more mature.

(4), software reuse is different

The C/S program can be considered as a whole, and the reuse of component is inferior to the reuse of the component under B/S requirement.

The multiple structure of B/s pairs requires the relative independent function of the component. Can be reused relatively well. Just as the dining table can be used instead of a stone table on the wall.

(5), system maintenance is different

The system maintenance is the software life cycle, the expense is big, is very important

Because of the integrity of the C/s program, it is necessary to examine the whole problem and the problems of the system upgrade, which may be a new system.

b/S component components of individual replacement, to achieve seamless upgrade of the system. The system maintenance overhead is minimized, and users can download and install themselves from the Web to achieve upgrades.

(6), different handling problems

c/S program can handle the user face fixed, and in the same area, security requirements of high demand, and operating system-related, should be the same system.

b/S On the WAN, for different user groups, decentralized regions, this is C/s can not do, and the operating system platform with the smallest relationship.

(7), user interface is different

C/S is based on the window platform, the performance method is limited, to programmers generally higher requirements.

b/S is based on the browser, a richer and more vivid way to communicate with users, and most difficult to reduce the cost of development.

(8), information flow is different

c/S program is typically a typical centralized mechanical processing, relatively low interaction.

b/S information flow can change, b-b, B-c, b-g and other information flow changes, more like trading center.