2.1.1 Understand the development of HTML
The language of early-written web pages is called Hypertext Markup Language, and English abbreviations are real HTML. The file format is a text language, and the browser interprets the contents of the text in a way that is displayed in the browser's window according to the content. The HTML language, which has evolved over more than 10 years, has changed so much that it has now come to HTML5.0, extending the subset of DHTML and XML. With the wide application of WWW, the display of graphics is very important. Starting in 1995, use GIF image separators and tables to split different page elements. As browsers upgrade, each browser development company adds some new features to its browser. The HTML 4.01 version was released in December 1999. Since its inception, because of its universality, easy to learn, so gradually become popular.
HTML is a markup language, so what are the markup languages for HTML? We'll explain in more detail in the following sections.
2.1.2 familiar with the basic structure of HTML
A standard HTML Web page file is a suffix named. htm or. html text file, we can use any text editor to open modify it. Pages written in HTML markup language should have this basic format:
<title> </title>
<body>
</body>
The HTML code for the entire page is started with
<title> writing Web pages using HTML language </title>
<body>
I learned to use HTML markup language!
</body>
Save to the hard disk, named Newfile.htm, double-click on the mouse can be opened browsing, as shown in Figure 2.1.
Figure 2.1 Writing a Web page using HTML language
2.1.3 Common markup for mastering HTML
HTML markup Language has developed for more than 10 years, from the beginning of 1.0, to the current 5.0 version, each upgrade will add a lot of features. Proficiency in the use of commonly used tags is the basis for Web programming, some tags do not need to rote, because now a lot of web-making tools are "WYSIWYG" production mode, those tags are automatically generated, as long as we know what the mark is the role of the line. A few of the most commonly used tags are:
(1) <title> mark
We've used this tag in the example in the previous section to add a page title to the page.
(2) <body> mark
The tag is the subject of the Web page content, and the content that needs to be displayed in the page is within the tag, and some paragraph formatting control tags can be used within the <body> tag to control the formatting of the content.
Such as:
<P> marking: Segmented label for paragraph control;
<BR> mark: NewLine symbol, for paragraph control;
<CENTER> mark: The text contained within the tag is centered;
<H1> Tags: for the project title, according to the font size can choose <H1>, <H2>, <H3>, <H4>, etc.
<UL> Tags: unordered table tags;
<OL> Mark: Ordered Table label;
<DIR> Tags: catalog table tags;
(3) <a> mark
This tag is used for hyperlinks, such as: <a href=http://news.163.com> netease News Network </a>. A hyperlink to the NetEase News network will appear on the generated Web page.
(4) mark
The tag is a marker for displaying a picture, such as: . When the page loads, it will show up as a index.gif picture.
(5) <table> mark
The <table> tag is the most frequently used format control tag before CSS appears. The tag is used to generate a table to control the text content.
<table> tags are not used alone, matching tags are:
<tr> Mark: The row label of the table;
<td> Tags: cell labels for tables.
For example, the following code uses the <table> tag to control text formatting:
<title> writing Web pages using HTML language </title>
<body>
<table bordercolor= "#000000" border= "1" >
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
</td>
<td>
Table control characters
</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
First cell
</td>
<td>
The second cell
</td>
<td>
Third cell
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
The preview effect is shown in Figure 2.2:
Figure 2.2 Markup control text arrangement format
The tag is used to split the page page. Multiple HTM page displays can be implemented within a single page. For example, the following code can be implemented to split the form horizontally three blocks:
<frameset cols= "Page 1 display width, page 2 display width, page 3 display width" >
<frame src= Web 1 path >
<frame src= Web 2 path >
<frame src= Web 3 path >
</frameset>
You can implement a vertical split form by changing the cols property of the <frameset> tag to rows.
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