Three time of the Find command and file under Linux

Tag:command   linux    root directory    

    linux the Find command searches the directory structure for the file and performs the specified action. The Linux Find command provides quite a lot of search criteria and is powerful. Because find has powerful features, it has a lot of options, most of which are worth taking the time to look at. Even if the system contains a network file system ( NFS), the Find command works equally well in the file system, and you only have the appropriate permissions. 1. Command arguments: The directory path that the    pathname: find command looks for. For example, use. To represent the current directory, and/to represent the system root directory. The   -print: find command outputs the matched file to standard output. The    -exec: find command executes the shell command given by the parameter to the matching file. The form of the corresponding command is ' command '  {  } \;, note the space between {   } and \;    -ok:    is the same as-exec, except that the shell command given by this parameter is executed in a more secure mode, before the    executes each command, Will be prompted to let the user determine whether to execute. 2. Command options: -name    find files by file name. -perm    to find files according to file permissions. -prune   Use this option to have the Find command not be found in the currently specified directory, and if you use the-depth option at the same time,-prune will be ignored by the Find command. -user    Search for files according to the owner of the file. -group   finds files according to the group to which the files belong. -mtime -n +n   The file changes time to find the file,  - n indicates that the file change time is now less than n days, + n indicates that the file change time is now N days ago. The Find command also has the-atime and-ctime  options, but both of them and the-m time option. -nogroup   finds a file that does not have a valid owning group, that is, the group to which the file belongs in/etc/groupsDoes not exist in the. -nouser   finds a file without a valid owner, that is, the owner of the file does not exist in the/etc/passwd. -newer file1 ! file2   look for a file that changes time than the file File1 new but older than the file file2. -type   finds a file of a certain type, such as a:b -  block device file. d -  directory. c -  character device files. p -  pipeline file. l -  the symbolic link file. f -  ordinary files. -size n:[c]  finds files with a file length of n blocks, with C indicating the length of the file in bytes. -depth: When looking for a file, first find the file in the current directory, and then look in its subdirectories. -fstype: Find files located in a file system of a certain type, these file system types can usually be found in the configuration file/etc/fstab, which contains information about the file system in this system. -mount: Does not cross the file system mount point when locating files. -follow: If the find command encounters a symbolic link file, it tracks to the file that the link points to. -cpio: Use the cpio command for matching files to back up these files to the tape device. In addition, the following three differences: -amin n    find the last n minutes of access to a file in the system-atime n   find the last n*24 hour Access file in the system-cmin  n    find files in the last n minutes of the system changed file status-ctime n   find the last n*24 hours in the System file status changed file-mmin n     find the last n minutes in the system file data changed file-mtime n   find the last n*24 hours in the system file data is changed #-print  Outputs the found file to the standard output #-exec    command    {} \;        -----will find out.File Execution command operation,{}  and  \; have spaces between #-ok  and-exec, except to consult the user before the Operation  ====================================== ============== -name    filename                 #查找名为filename的文件-perm                          # To find-user     username          by execute permission       #按文件属主来查找-group groupname                #按组来查找-mtime    -n +n                   #按文件更改时间来查找文件,-n means less than n days, + n refers to n days before-atime     -n +n                  #按文Access time to check gin: 0px ">-perm                            #按执行权限来查找-user      username              # Find-group groupname              by file owner   #按组来查找-mtime    -n +n                   #按文件更改时间来查找文件,-n refers to +n or less than n days ago-atime      -n +n                  #按文件访问时间来查找文件,-n refers to +n or less than n days ago  -ctime     -n +n                  #按文件创建时间来查找文件,-n refers to +n or less than n days ago  -nogroup                      # No valid group of documents, that is, the genus of the file does not exist in the/etc/groups-nouser                         #查无有效属主的文件, that is, the owner of the document does not exist in the/etc/passwd-newer     f1 !f2                  find files,-n refers to the nth days, +n refers to n days ago  -ctime     -n +n                  #按文件创建时间来查找文件,-n means less than n days, + n refers to n days ago  -nogroup                        #查无有效属组的文件, that is, the genus of the file does not exist in/etc/groups-nouser                          #查无有效属主的文件, which is the owner of the document in/etc/pasThe SWD does not save-newer    f1 !f2                  #查更改时间比f1新但比f2旧的文件-type      b/d/c/p/l/f            #查是块设备, directories, character devices, pipelines, symbolic links, common file-size        n[c]                  #查长度为n块 [or N bytes] of file-depth                          #使查找在进入子目录前先行查找完本目录-fstype                          #查更改时间比f1新但比f2旧的文件-mount                          #查文件时不跨越文件系统mount点-follow                        # If you encounter a symbolic link file, follow the file that the link refers to-cpio                           #对匹配的文件使用cpio命令, back them up to tape devices-prune                           #忽略某个目录   3.linux The use of the Find command  1.  basic usage:      1.find / -name  file name          find ver1.d  ver2.d -name  ' *.c '  -print     find ver1.d,ver2.d *.c file and print        2.find . -type d -print    Search from the current directory, find only the directory, Prints the path name. Can be used to print the directory structure.      2.  no error finding:      find / -name  Access_log 2 >/dev/null      3.  Find:       by size find / -size 1500c  (finds a 1,500-byte file, c represents bytes)       find /  -size +1500c  (find files larger than 1,500 bytes, + = greater than)            find / -size +1500c  (find files less than 1,500 bytes in size-Indicates less than)            4.  by Time:      find / -amin n  Last n minutes        find / -atime n  last n days        find / -cmin n  Last n minutes Change status       find /  -ctime n  Last n days Change status       5.  other:       find / -empty  blank files, blank folders, and folders without subdirectories       find / - false  always wrong files in the Find system       find / -fstype type  find files that exist in the specified file system, such as type ext2       find / -gid n  Group ID n File       find  / -group gname  Group named Gname file       find / -depth  n  first find file contents in a certain level of the specified directory       find / -maxdepth levels  Find 6.  logic       -and  conditions and  -or  conditions or 7.  lookup strings in a hierarchical directory in descending order       find . -name  ' *.html '  -exec grep  ' mailto: ' {}   Two. Under Windows, a file has: creation time, modification time, access time. And under Linux, a file also has three kinds of time, namely: Access time, modification time, state change time. Mtime: File Last Modified time CTime: File recent properties and permissions modified time Atime: The time the file was recently accessed  1.ls -l filename (LS default is mtime)     -rw-rw-r-- 1 lawrance lawrance 27 Oct  5 02:09  Filename 2.ls -l --time=ctime filename &nbsP; -rwxr-xr-x 1 lawrance lawrance 27 oct  6 02:50 filename  3.ls -l --time=atime filename   -rw-rw-r-- 1 lawrance  Lawrance 27 oct  6 02:30 filename In addition, you can format the output file for three different times, such as: 1.find . -name  file -printf  "%ay-%am-%ad %ah:%am:%as" 2.find . -name file -printf   "%ty-%tm-%td %th:%tm:%ts" 3.find . -name file -printf  "%CY-%Cm-%Cd %CH :%cm:%cs "

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Three time of the Find command and file under Linux