UbuntuLinux Common commands

The following are some commands and solutions to some minor problems collected by Linux cainiao over the past few months, this is mainly for birds who are more than me. the writing is messy. There are both wiki and Forum content, but I 'd like to share it with you: 1. "Run" (I don't know what it is, it's similar to start-run under win): alt + f2, enter the program name in it, such as running EVA, you only need to type "eva" without adding a path. 2. Add shortcuts to the menu system

The following are some commands and solutions to some minor problems collected by Linux cainiao over the past few months, this is mainly for birds who are more than me. the writing is messy, and both wiki and Forum are available. But I 'd like to share it with you:

1. "Run" (I don't know what it is, it's similar to start-run under win): alt + f2, enter the program name in it, such as running EVA, you only need to type "eva" without adding a path.

2. Add shortcuts to the menu

System-preferences-Main Menu-new project

Enter the command (that is, the program name. To create a shortcut for sopcast, enter sopcast)

3. Virtual Optical Drive

Mount the ISO file and sudo mount-o loop files. iso target folder (sudo temporarily obtains the root permission in the terminal)

Unmount The sudo umount Mount folder

For example, Mount/home/dudu/XP. iso to the/home/dudu/iso folder.

Sudo mount-o loop/home/dudu/XP. iso/home/dudu/iso

Or sudo mount-t iso9660/home/dudu/XP. iso/home/dudu/iso (iso9660 is the specified file format)

Uninstall the ISO file sudo umount/home/dudu/iso

. Iso File Creation

1. Create a file from a folder. For example, set the file image under/home/dudu/ebooks/to/home/dudu/ebooks. iso.

(Sudo) mkisofs-o/home/dudu/ebooks. iso/home/dudu/ebboks/

2. Create from the optical drive (the optical drive path varies depending on the actual situation)

Sudo umount/media/cdrom0

(Sudo) dd if =/media/cdrom0 of =/home/dudu/ebooks. iso bs = 1024

File burning (you can also use programs such as k3b)

1. format the disk

Sudo umount/media/cdrom0

(Sudo) cdrecord dev =/media/cdrom0 blank = fast

2. Burning

Run the following command to enter nautilus burn :///

Open a new window and drag the file into the burning window.

4. Go to the directory cd destination folder

Back to the upper-level directory cd ..

Cd ~ Or cd back to the current user's home directory

Cd ~ The user name is returned to the specified user's home directory.

Cd-Return to the last directory

5. Create a folder. You can also right-click to create a folder named iso under/home/dudu.

Sudo mkdir/home/dudu/iso

The sudo folder can only be modified by the root user.

6. Get root permission

Sudo su

Or sudo-I

Use the File Manager as root. If you want to delete the iso folder created above in the graphic interface

Sudo nautilus

Password modification (use with caution)

Change the root password to sudo passwd root and then enter the password again.

7. File Management

File backup (copy), sudo cp

Sudo cp/etc/samba/smb. conf/etc/samba/smb. conf_backup

(Backup/etc/samba/smb. comf to/etc/samba/and name it smb. conf_backup)

The mobile mv format is the same as that of cp

Delete rm filename

Ls-a lists all files in the current directory, including hidden files with the. header.

Ls-l or ll lists the details of files in the current directory

Link (similar to the shortcut under WIN), from laruence private dish

Ln Source File Link name creates a hard link to the source file of the current directory

Ln/home/test/usr/test1 create a hard link for/home/test under/usr

Ln-s a B: Create a symbolic link B under the current directory

The-s parameter forms a symbolic link, which is equivalent to a shortcut. In addition, if you do the following link:

Ln-s/bin/root/bin

If you enter the/root/bin directory! This directory is actually the/bin directory, because you have made a link file !) So if you go to the/root/bin directory and kill the data in it, um! The data in/bin is lost! Please pay attention to this! Not all the information under/root is root! Pay attention to this property.