Use the Autotools tool to compile the detailed steps for installing the Linux project with configure, make, make install __linux

Autotools is a series of tools, consisting mainly of autoconf, Automake, Perl locales, and M4, and contains 5 commands:

The following diagram is the flowchart used by Autotools:

installation of Autotools: apt-get Install autoconf automake autotools-dev M4

Autotools Use simple examples as follows: preparing the program source codemkdir demo_conf VI hello.cpp contents are as follows: #include <iostream> using namespace std;   int main () {cout << "hello\n"; }
using the AutoScan command, scan the working directory and generate Configure.scan files$ AutoScan $ ls autoscan.log configure.scan hello.cpp
Rename the Configure.scan file to Configure.ac (or configure.in) and make the appropriate modifications. In the Configure.ac file, #号开始的是行注释, the other is M4 macros command; Configure.ac The main function of the macros inside is to detect the system $ mv configure.scan configure.ac   vi configure.ac   The revised contents are as follows: #                                                  -*- Autoconf -*-   #  Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.       ac_prereq ([2.68])    ac_init (hello, 1.0, zhunian0322@163.com)     Ac_config_srcdir ([hello.cpp])    ac_config_headers ([config.h])    am_init_automake (hello , 1.0)       # checks for programs.   ac_prog_cxx       # checks for libraries.      # checks for header  files. &nbsp    # checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics .      # checks for library functions.   AC_CONFIG_FILES ([ Makefile])    ac_output   configure.ac file Description: ac_prereq    Declares the autoconf version required by this article. As in this example, the version 2.68   ac_init      is used to define the name, version, author e-mail, etc. of the software     ac_config_srcdir     is used to detect the existence of source code files and to determine the validity of the source directory. This is used to generate config.h files for the hello.cpp   ac_config_headers    in the current directory so that the Autoheader command uses    AM _init_automake     is manually added and is a prerequisite for Automake macros to specify the software name and software version number    ac_proc_cxx           to specify the compiler. Here is g++  ac_proc_cc is gcc   ac_config_files      is used to generate the corresponding makefile file    ac_output            is used to set up configure  The file to be generated, if it is madefile,configure  will bring the results of its check into the makefile.in file when the makefile is produced. When using Automake, you need some additional parameters, these additional macros are generated with aclocal tools   
using the aclocal command, scan the Configure.ac file to generate the Aclocal.m4 file, which handles the local macro definition, based on the macros already installed \ Macros in user-defined macros and ACINCLUDE.M4 files define the macro set that configure.ac files require in ACLOCAL.M4$ aclocal $ ls aclocal.m4 autom4te.cache autoscan.log configure.ac hello.cpp
Use the autoconf command to generate the Configure file. This command expands the macros in the Configure.ac file to generate the Configure script. $ autoconf $ ls aclocal.m4 autom4te.cache autoscan.log Configure Configure.ac Hello.cpp
Use the Autoheader command to generate a config.h.in file. This command typically duplicates the user-appended symbol definition in the Acconfig.h file$ autoheader $ ls aclocal.m4 autoscan.log Configure hello.cpp Autom4te.cache config.h.in configure.ac
Create makefile.am files manually. The Automake tool converts makefile.am to makefile.in files according to the parameters in the configure.in$ vi makefile.am Add content: autumake_options = foreign Bin_programs = Hello hello_sources = hello.cpp makefile.am file contents Explains automake_options options for setting up Automake. Since GNU has strict specifications for its own software release, such as the need for a license declaration file, copying, etc., automake execution will be an error. The Automake offers 3 levels of software: Foreign, GNU, GnitS, for users to choose.   The default level is GNU. Bin_programs defines the execution file name to be generated. If you want to produce multiple execution files, each filename is separated by a space hello_sources defines "Hello" as the original file required to execute the program. If the "Hello" program is generated by multiple source files, you must list all the source files it uses and separate them with spaces. If you want to define multiple executable programs, you need to create a corresponding file_sources for each executable program
Use the Automake command to generate makefile.in files. Use the option "--add-missing" to have Automake automatically add some necessary script files $ automake --add-missing   configure.ac:8: installing  './install-sh ';  error  while making link: Operation not supported   configure.ac:8:  installing  './missing '; error while making link: operation not  supported   makefile.am: installing  './install '; error while making  link: operation not supported   <pre name= "code"  class= "plain" > makefile.am: required file  './news '  not found   makefile.am: required  file  './readme '  not found   makefile.am: required file  '. AUTHORS '  not found   makefile.am: required file  './changelog '  not  found   Makefile.am:installing './copying ' using GNU general public License v3 file; Error while making link:operation not SupporteDMakefile.am:Consider adding the copying file to the version control systemMakefile.am:for your code, to avoid questions about which license your project uses. Makefile.am:installing './depcomp '; Error while making Link:operation not supported description: configure.ac:8: installing  './install-sh ';  error  while making link: Operation not supported   configure.ac:8:  installing  './missing '; error while making link: operation not  supported   makefile.am: installing  './depcomp '; error while making  link: operation not supported      # #因为把工程放在FAT32分区上, and it doesn't support link. Need to move to ext3.    makefile.am: required file  './news '  not found   makefile.am:  required file  './readme '  not found   makefile.am: required file   './authors ' &NBSP;NOT&NBSP;FOUND&NBSP;&NBsp makefile.am: required file  './changelog '  not found      # #使用touch   command to create these 4 files    $ cp -rvf  /demo_conf/  /home/gino/   $ cd /home/gino/demo_conf/   $ touch  NEWS   $ touch readme   $ touch authors   $ touch  ChangeLog   $ automake --add-missing   $ ls    ACLOCAL.M4       autoscan.log  config.h.in    configure      hello      install-sh   Makefile.in   README   authors         changelog      config.log     configure.ac  hello.cpp   makefile     missing      stamp-h1   autom4te.cache  config.h       config.status  depcomp       hello.o     makefile.am  news  
Use the Configure command to turn makefile.in into makefile $ ./configure   checking for a bsd-compatible  install... /usr/bin/install -c   checking whether build environment  is sane... yes   checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p ...  /bin/mkdir -p   checking for gawk... no   checking for  mawk... mawk   checking whether make sets $ (make) ... yes   checking for g++... g++   checking whether the c++ compiler  works... yes   checking for c++ compiler default output file  name... a.out   checking for suffix of executables...    checking whether we are cross compiling... no   checking for  Suffix of object files... o   checking whether we are using the  gnu c++ compiler... yes   checking whether g++ accepts -g...  yes   checking for style of include used by make... gnu    checking dependency style of g++... gcc3   configure: creating  ./config.status   config.status: creating makefile   config.status:  creating config.h   config.status: config.h is unchanged   Config.status : executing depfiles commands   Makefile's usage make command, which executes the compile code and defaults to the make all command. The make clean command clears the compile-time obj file. The Make install command installs the target file into the system. The make uninstall command unloads the target file from the system. The Make Dist command packs programs and related documents into a compressed document for publication. Make-n   Non-execution mode, output all execution commands, but not executed. Make-c   Read makefile before changing to specified directory make-h   Show all make options