Why Oracle EXPDP is faster than exp, what is the principle

See the official documentation for Oracle 10g first:

Database Utilities

Data performance improvements for data Pump Export and Import

The improved performance of the Data Pump Export and Import utilities are attributable to several factors, including the FO Llowing:
Multiple worker processes can perform intertable and interpartition parallelism to load and unload tables in multiple, par Allel, Direct-path streams.
--Multiple process parallelism and direct path reading
For very large tables and partitions, single worker processes can choose Intrapartition parallelism through multiple paral Lel queries and parallel DML I/O server processes when the external tables method was used to access data.
Data Pump uses parallelism to build indexes and load package bodies.
--Can build indexes and packages in parallel
Dump files is read and written directly by the server and, therefore, does not require any data movement to the client.
--operation on the server, do not need to return the data to the client, save the network link
The dump file storage format is the internal stream format of the the direct path API. This format was very similar to the format stored in Oracle database datafiles inside of tablespaces. Therefore, no client-side conversion to inserts statement bind variables is performed.
--Exported data file is block format, not exp SQL statement
The supported data access methods, direct path and external tables, is faster than conventional SQL. The direct path API provides the fastest single-stream performance. The external tables feature makes efficient use of the parallel queries and parallel DML capabilities of the Oracle Databa Se.
--Supports direct path reading, faster than converting to SQL
Metadata and data extraction can be overlapped during export.

--Extraction of metadata and data can be performed simultaneously

Translation is not good, summarized as follows:

1.EXPDP is a service-side program, EXP is the client program, EXP also need network transmission, this affects the speed.

2.EXPDP Read is the data block, exp is to convert to SQL.

3.EXPDP can export data in parallel, metadata and build index, package, exp not.

4.EXPDP is used for direct path reading, exp is going through the SGA.

Why Oracle EXPDP is faster than exp, what is the principle