原文地址:https://my.oschina.net/pengloo53/blog/173810
大體上,OC中常用的數組排序有以下幾種方法:sortedArrayUsingSelector:;sortedArrayUsingComparator:;sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:
1、簡單排序(sortedArrayUsingSelector:)
如果只是對字串的排序,可以利用sortedArrayUsingSelector:方法就可以了,代碼如下
//簡單排序void sortArray1(){ NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"abc",@"456",@"123",@"789",@"ef", nil]; NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)]; NSLog(@"排序後:%@",sortedArray);}
當然,除了利用字串內建的compare:方法,也可以自己寫compare:方法,進行對象的比較;如下:
首先是建立了Person類,實現方法如下(標頭檔就省了):
#import "Person.h"@implementation Person//直接實現靜態方法,擷取帶有name和age的Person對象+(Person *)personWithAge:(int) age withName:(NSString *)name{ Person *person = [[Person alloc] init]; person.age = age; person.name = name; return person;}//自訂排序方法-(NSComparisonResult)comparePerson:(Person *)person{ //預設按年齡排序 NSComparisonResult result = [[NSNumber numberWithInt:person.age] compare:[NSNumber numberWithInt:self.age]];//注意:基礎資料型別 (Elementary Data Type)要進行資料轉換 //如果年齡一樣,就按照名字排序 if (result == NSOrderedSame) { result = [self.name compare:person.name]; } //升序 return result; //降序 //return -result;}@end
主函數代碼如下:
void sortArray2(){ Person *p1 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"zhangsan"]; Person *p2 = [Person personWithAge:21 withName:@"lisi"]; Person *p3 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"wangwu"]; Person *p4 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"liwu"]; Person *p5 = [Person personWithAge:20 withName:@"liwu"]; NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:p1,p2,p3,p4,p5, nil]; NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(comparePerson:)]; NSLog(@"排序後:%@",sortedArray);}
2、利用block文法(sortedArrayUsingComparator:)
蘋果官方提供了block文法,比較方便。其中數組排序可以用sortedArrayUsingComparator:方法,代碼如下:
void sortArray3(){ NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"1bc",@"4b6",@"123",@"789",@"3ef", nil]; NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingComparator:^NSComparisonResult(id obj1, id obj2) { //這裡的代碼可以參照上面compare:預設的排序方法,也可以把自訂的方法寫在這裡,給對象排序 NSComparisonResult result = [obj1 compare:obj2]; return result; }]; NSLog(@"排序後:%@",sortedArray);}
3、進階排序(sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:)
如果是這樣一種情況呢。Person類裡有另外一個類的變數,比如說Person類除了name,age變數,還有一輛車Car類型,Car類裡有個name屬性。對Person對象進行排序,有這樣的要求:按照Car的name排序,如果是同一輛車,也就是Car的name相同,那麼再按照年齡進行排序,如果年齡也相同,最後按照Person的name進行排序。
上面這樣就要使用第三種方法,利用排序描述器,不多說,有興趣可以看看API介紹。代碼如下:
首先寫個Car類,實作類別Car.m代碼如下:
#import "Car.h"@implementation Car+(Car *)initWithName:(NSString *)name{ Car *car = [Car alloc] init]; car.name = name; return car;}@end
然後改寫Person類,實作類別Person.m代碼如下:
#import "Person.h"#import "Car.h"@implementation Person+(Person *)personWithAge:(int)age withName:(NSString *)name withCar:(Car *)car{ Person *person = [[Person alloc] init]; person.age = age; person.name = name; person.car = car; return person;}//這裡重寫description方法,用於最後測試排序結果顯示-(NSString *)description{ return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"age is %zi , name is %@, car is %@",_age,_name,_car.name];}@end
主函數代碼如下:
ortArray4(){ //首先來3輛車,分別是奧迪、勞斯萊斯、寶馬 Car *car1 = [Car initWithName:@"Audio"]; Car *car2 = [Car initWithName:@"Rolls-Royce"]; Car *car3 = [Car initWithName:@"BMW"]; //再來5個Person,每人送輛車,分別為car2、car1、car1、car3、car2 Person *p1 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"zhangsan" withCar:car2]; Person *p2 = [Person personWithAge:21 withName:@"zhangsan" withCar:car1]; Person *p3 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"lisi" withCar:car1]; Person *p4 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"wangwu" withCar:car3]; Person *p5 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"wangwu" withCar:car2]; //加入數組 NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:p1,p2,p3,p4,p5, nil]; //構建排序描述器 NSSortDescriptor *carNameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"car.name" ascending:YES]; NSSortDescriptor *personNameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"name" ascending:YES]; NSSortDescriptor *personAgeDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"age" ascending:YES]; //把排序描述器放進數組裡,放入的順序就是你想要排序的順序 //我這裡是:首先按照年齡排序,然後是車的名字,最後是按照人的名字 NSArray *descriptorArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:personAgeDesc,carNameDesc,personNameDesc, nil]; NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingDescriptors: descriptorArray]; NSLog(@"%@",sortedArray);
結果如下:
從結果看出,先按照age排序,如果age相同,按照car排序,如果car相同,按照name排序。
(注意:上面兩種排序方法要想實現字串顯示,請重寫description方法)
簡單嘗試一下:
NSMutableArray *array=[NSMutableArray array]; for (int i=0; i<5; i++) { Dog *d=[[Dog alloc]init]; d.name=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"狗狗%d",i]; d.age=arc4random()%10+21; [array addObject:d]; } NSLog(@"%@",array); //1傳遞的key是KVC機制, 可以加上'.' //2ascending控制升序降序. NSSortDescriptor *sort = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"self.age" ascending:NO]; //上句代碼等價於這句 NSSortDescriptor *sort = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"age" ascending:NO]; NSArray *arr1 = [array sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:@[sort]]; NSLog(@"%@",arr1);