20150823-linux Common Commands

Overview

Linux commands have a lot of

Part I:Linux Directory Management class commands

Directory Management class Commands:

mkdir, RmDir, tree, DirName, basename

(1) mkdir command:

Role: Used to create a directory in Linux.

Format: mkdir [options] Path

Parameters:

-P: Create parent Directory

-V: Show creation process

Usage Note: When creating a directory using mkdir, you need to make sure that your account has permission to write, and that the name of the directory you create does not exist or has duplicate names under the created path.

Example:

Practice:

How to create a directory: X_m, X_n, Y_m, Y_n?

(2) rmdir command:

Rmdir/path/to/somewhere

Delete empty directory;

(3) Tree command:

tree [OPTION] ... [DIR]

-D: File of only hierarchical directory type;

-L Level: shows only a few levels;

(4) dirname command:

(5) basename command:

Part II:Linux text File View commands

Text File View command:

Cat, TAC, more, less, tail, head

(1) Cat command:

(2) TAC command:

(3) More commands:

More, less

Flip screen view;

More [OPTIONS] ... FILE ...

-D: Display page with Exit prompt

Space: one screen backward;

Enter: one line backward;

B: one screen ahead;

(4) Less command:

Less [OPTION] ... FILE ...

Text Search:

/keyword

? KEYWORD

N: Next with the same direction as the command;

N: The previous one in the opposite direction of the command;

(5) Tail command:

tail [OPTION] ... FILE

Special options for Tail:

-f:follow

-N #

-#

-C #: Show pre/Post # bytes

(6) head command:

Head [OPTION] ... FILE

Part III:Linux timestamp management tools

Time Stamp management tool: Touch

Each file has three timestamps:

Atime: The last time the file was visited;

Mtime: The last time the file was "modified";

CTime: The time the file was last "changed";

File data:

Metadata

Data

Touch [OPTION] ... FILE ...

Update timestamp to current time;

-A: Update only atime

-M: Update only Mtime

-T STAMP:

[[Cc]yy] MMDDHHMM[.SS]

-C: Do not create empty files

Part IV:Linux file Management commands

File Management commands:

CP, MV, RM

(1) CP command:

CP [OPTION] ... [-T] SOURCE DEST

CP [OPTION] ... SOURCE ... DIRECTORY

CP [OPTION] ...-t DIRECTORY SOURCE ...

CP SRC DEST:

src is a file:

If Dest does not exist: Creates a new target file and copies the SRC to the target file;

if dest exists:

If Dest is a file: Use src content to overwrite the dest file;

If Dest is a directory: in the Dest directory, a new file with the same name as the original file, the SRC content is copied to the new target file with the same name;

CP SRC ... DEST:

If Dest does not exist:

is wrong;

if dest exists:

If Dest is a file: error;

If Dest is a directory:

Common options:

-R,-r: Recursive replication;

-D: Do not track symbolic links;

--preserve[=attr_list]:

mode, ownership, timestamps

Context, links, xattr, all

-A:-dr--preseve=all

-i:interactive

-f:force

-V: Display procedure

Mv:move, moving files

MV [OPTION] ... [-T] SOURCE DEST

MV [OPTION] ... SOURCE ... DIRECTORY

MV [OPTION] ...-t DIRECTORY SOURCE ...

Common options:

-I: Interactive

-F: Mandatory

Rm:remove

rm [OPTION] ... FILE ...

delete files only;

Common options:

-r:

-F:

-I.:

Part V:Linux file processing tools

File processing tools:

WC, cut, sort, uniq

Wc:word counts

WC [OPTION] ... FILE ...

-L: Shows the number of rows

-W: Displays the number of words

Cut

Cut OPTION ... [FILE] ...

-D: Indicates delimiter;-D ",-D:

-F: Indicates the field to display

#:

#-#:1-3

#,#: 1,3,7

Sort command: Sort

Sort [OPTION] ... [FILE] ...

-R: Reverse order

-F: Ignore character case

-U: Go back after sorting

-T CHAR: Indicates delimiter

-K #: Field

-N: means sort by numeric size

Uniq command:

Uniq [OPTION] ... [FILE] ...

-C: Shows the number of repetitions per line;

-D: Displays only the rows that have been repeated;

-U: Displays only rows that have not been duplicated;

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20150823-linux Common Commands