A bridge between computer hardware and software programs 5

Part 5: BIOS settings

BiOS (Basic Input/Output System) is installed on the motherboard Flash ROMProgramIt acts as a communication between the hardware and the operating system. Through the bios, you can set the operating mode and parameters of the hardware. When the system is turned on, the BIOS will first perform the boot self-test (post ). Press the key to go To the BIOS settings page. The functions and operation methods are described as follows:

Standardcmossetup
This option is used to set basic system parameters. You can choose the project you want to set and use the key to modify the content by moving the highlight bar. In each option, you can press a key to display the options available for selection.
Date (date) sets the current date. Configurable range:
Month: 1 to 12
Day: 1 to 31
Year (year): To 2079
Time (time) sets the current time. Configurable range:
Hour (hour): 00 to 23
Minu7te (min): 00 to 59
Second (seconds): 00 to 59

Harddisks(Hard disk)
This option is used to set the type of all IDE Hard Disks (primarymaster/slave; secondarymaster/Slave) in the system. The options are described as follows:
Auto: allows the system to automatically detect and set the hard disk type when starting the system.
None: the hard disk is not installed.
User: allows the user to set parameters related to the hard disk. Including cyls, Head, precomp, and landz ). The specifications attached to the hard drive shall be detailed when the head stops.
[Note]: the BIOS does not support SCSI hard disk settings.

AsModeThere are three options:
Normal Mode: it is a standard mode and supports up to 528 MB of hard disk capacity.
LBA (logicalblockaddressingmode) mode: Applicable to hard disk hosts that exceed the capacity and support the logic block addressing (LBA) function.
Large Mode: This option is used when the disk capacity exceeds 528 MB while the hard disk or operating system does not support LBA mode.

Drivera/driverb (none)
This option sets the type of the floppy disk. Options include: 1.2 kb, 5.25in; 1.44 MB, 5.25in; 2.88 kb, 3.5in; MB, 3.5in; MB, 3.5in; none.

Floppy3modesupport (default value: Disable)
If floppy3mode is used, set it. Otherwise, cancel the setting function. Options include rivea, driveb, both, and disable.

Video(Video display card type, default value: accept/VGA)
Set the display card type. Options include Mono (monochrome), monochrome/VGA (color), cga40, and cga80.

Halton(Pause boot. The default value is allerror)
The type of exceptions set in this column will cause the system to pause boot. The options are as follows:

Allerrors: if any error occurs, the system displays an error message and stops the system from being started.
Noerrors: The system is started as usual regardless of any errors.
All, butkeyboard: if there is any error, the system will suspend the boot, but if the keyboard is abnormal, it will start as usual.
All, butdisk/key: if there is any error, the system will suspend the boot, but if the disk drive and keyboard are abnormal, it will start as usual.

[Biosfeaturessetup] BIOS special parameter settings
This setting can enhance the performance of your system based on your system and requirements. However, if you do not know much about the setting function, we recommend that you use the default value. The operation method of the function key is described in the lower-right corner of the Main Screen of this item. The special parameter settings of BIOs are described as follows:

ViruswarningVirus protection warning (default value: Disable)
This function prevents changes to the boot sector and partition of the hard disk. Any attempt to write data to the partition will cause the system to become a machine and display a warning message.
[Note]: When you install a new operating system (such as Win95), please cancel the (disable) function first to avoid installation failure due to conflicts.

Cpuinternalcache(High-speed cache in CPU, default value: Enable)
This feature is used to enable or disable cpulevel1 cache. In terms of overall speed, enabling L1 cache is much higher than canceling L1 cache. Therefore, the default value is enable ).

Externalcache(External cache function, default value: Enable)
This feature is used to enable or disable the cpulevel2 cache. In terms of overall speed, enabling the L2 cache will be much higher than canceling the L2 cache. Therefore, the default value is enable ). Pentiumprocpu has built-in L2 cache.

Quickpoweronselftest(Fast boot self-test, default value: Enable)
When the computer is started, the BIOS will perform a series of boot self-tests. When this function is enabled, tests of the same project are streamlined and skipped to shorten the boot time.

Hddsequencescsi/idefirst (IDE/SCSIHard Disk boot priority; default value: IDE)
When both SCSI and IDE Hard Disks are installed, this option can be used to select a SCSI or IDE hard disk as the boot hard disk.

Bootsequence(Boot sequence, default value: C,)
This option sets the priority to boot from drive a, drive C, and CD-ROM when the computer is turned on.
Swapfloppydrive (floppy disk swap, default value: Disable)
When enable is enabled, disk A and disk B are exchanged. That is, the original disk A is specified as disk B, and disk B is specified as disk. In this way, you do not need to open the casing swap cable.

Bootupfloppyseek(BOOT floppy disk search, default value: Disable)
When enable is enabled, the post program of BIOS detects whether floppy exists when the computer starts up. Otherwise, skip this detection action.

Floppydiskaccesscontrol(Floppy disk access control read/take, default value: R/W)
This function is used to control the access to a floppy disk. When "readonly" is selected, data can only be read from a floppy disk, but cannot be copied to a floppy disk. When r/W is selected, the floppy disk can read data normally.

Bootupnumlockstatus(When the number key is locked, the default value is on)
On: When the instance is started, the number key is set to a number.
Off: The number key is set to the direction when the instance is started.

Idehddblockmodesectors(The default value is hddmax)
Most new IDE hard drives support the ability to transmit multiple sectors at a time. Enable can accelerate hard disk access. Options include hddmax, disabled, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32.

Typematicratesetting(Keyboard speed setting, default value: Disable)
This option is used to determine whether to enable the keyboard rate setting function. If enable is enabled, the settings of typematicrate and typematicrelay are valid.

Typematicrate(Character/second, keyboard repetition rate, default value: 6)
This option is set to the number of characters that appear per second when you press the button. Options: 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, 24, 30 (character/second ).

Typematicdelay(Enter the delay time. The default value is 250 ms)
When the button is not placed, the keyboard will repeat the input characters at a certain rate after the Preset Delay Time is exceeded. The options are 250 ms, 500 ms, 750 ms, and 1000 ms.

Securityoption(Set security options. The default value is system)
This option requires the user to enter the password. The following two options are available. Setup: the system requires a correct password only when entering BIOS settings.

PS/2 mousefunctioncontrol(PS/2 mouse function control, default value: auto)
If set to Auto: The system detects the presence of PS/2 mouse at startup. If yes, irq12 is reserved for PS/2mouse. If this parameter is set to disable, irq12 is reserved for the adapter. The PS/2 mouse does not work at this time.

PCI/vgapalettesnoop(The default value is disable)
If a non-standard vgacard (such as an image accelerator card-eg card) is used, the problem can be solved by setting it to "enable. We recommend that you use the default value.

OS/2 onboardmemory> 64 m(The default value is disable)
If OS/2 is used in the operating system and the size of the installed primary storage exceeds 64 MB, enable is set. Otherwise, the default value is disable.

Videobiosshadow(Video BIOS quick execution function, default value: Enable)
When this function is activated, the vga bios is copied to the primary storage to accelerate the execution speed. If the function is disabled, the display speed becomes very slow.

C8000-CBFFFtoDC000-DFFFF(The default value is disable)
If you use another adapter, the system will use the Shadow technology to speed up the ROM running on the adapter. However, this will occupy the primary storage space.

[Chipsetfeaturessetup] chipset parameter settings:
This option is mainly used to adjust the performance of hardware files through parameter settings of the chipset. If you are not familiar with these settings, we recommend that you use the default value.

Autoconfiguration(Automatically set. The default value is 60 nsdram)
You can select the 60mdramor70nsdram option based on your memory usage, and the BIOS will automatically adjust the 2nd-9 option according to your settings. If you select "Disable", you can adjust the range from 2nd to 9th.

Sdramcas # latency(The default value is 3 TB)
If you use the fast SDRAM module, you can set it to 2 TB for faster access. Otherwise, set it to the default value of 3 TB, or contact your dealer about the dimm specifications.
Sdramspeculativeread (default value: Disable)
Passiverelease (default value: Enable)
Relaytransaction (default value: Disable)

16-biti/orecoverytime(16-bit I/O recovery time. The default value is 1 busclk)
It is defined as the restoration time of 16-bitisa card I/O.

8-Biti/orecoverytime(8-bit I/O recovery time, the default value is 1 busclk)
It is defined as the recovery time of 8-bitisa card I/O.

Videobioscacheable(Video cache function, default value: Disable)
Enable: Enable the cache function to accelerate the display speed.
Disable: disable this function.

Memoryholeataddress(Default value: None)
Some ISA cards require 14-16 MB or 15-16 MB memory space. If you select 14mb-16 MB or 15 MB-16 MB, the system will not be able to use this part of memory space. You can select none to cancel this function.

Onboardfdcswapa: Ba, Disk B swap, default value: noswap)
When enable is enabled, disks A and B are exchanged. That is, the original disk A is specified as disk B, and disk B is specified as disk. In this way, you do not need to open the casing swap cable.

Onboardserialport1Default Value: 3f8h/irq4)
Set the serial port 1 Address and IRQ on the motherboard

Onboardserialport2The default value is 2f8h/irq3)
Set the serial port 2 address and IRQ on the motherboard

OnboardparallelportThe default value is 378 H/irq7)
Set the peer port address and IRQ on the motherboard.

Parallelportmode(Parallel port mode, default value: ECP + EPP)
Set the operating mode of the parallel port. The following options are available:
Normal: Generally, the speed is unidirectional.
EPP: the highest speed of Bidirectional execution.
ECP: Ultra-High-Speed Dual-self-execution.
ECP + EPP: ECP and EPP are used together.

Ecpdmaselect(Select the ecpdma channel. The default value is 3)
If you operate in ECP mode, three options are available for the DMA channel: 1, 3, and disable.
Uart2useinfrared (default value: Disable)
This feature is used to support infrared (IR) transmission.
Enable: Set the second serial port UART to support infrared transmission.
Disable: The second serial port UART supports com2.

Onboardpciideenable(Motherboard ide channel, default value: Both)
Used to enable the built-in ide channel. Options:
Primaryidechannel
Secondaryidechannel
Both (both enabled)
Disable (cancel ).

Ide0master/slavemode, ide1master/slavemodeWhen the default value is Auto, the system automatically detects the time series mode of the four ide devices to ensure optimal speed. You can also set the time series mode to (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ).

[Powermanagementsetup] Power Management settings
Videooffoption(Disable the screen power saving setting. The default value is susp, stby-> off)
This option is used to set the time to enable "Screen off" in screen power-saving management mode. Optional items are described as follows:
Susp, stby-> off: the screen is closed only in standby or suspend power-saving mode.
Suspend-> off: the screen is closed only in suspend mode.
Alwayson: the screen is not closed in any mode.
Allmodes-> off: Turn off the screen in any power-saving mode.

Videooffmethod(Screen off mode, default value: V/hsync + blank)
Used to select the screen off mode. If the screen cannot be closed smoothly, it is set to "blank". If the display card supports dpms, it is set to "dpms ".
Pwrbutton <4 secs (Press and hold the power supply for less than 4 seconds, default value: softoff)
This function sets the system operation mode when the power button is pressed for less than 4 seconds.
Softoff: Shut Down The ATX power supply software.
Suspend: The system enters the suspend mode.
Nofunction: cancel any function related to the ATX switch.
[Note]: Once PWR is pressed for more than 4 seconds, the system will shut down regardless of the settings.

Pwruponmodemact(The default value is enable when the modem is started)

Acpwrlossrestart(The default value is disable)

-- Pmtimers --

Hddpowerdown:
If the system does not access the hard disk within the selected time period, the system enters the power-saving mode. The power-saving mode is dozemode (sleep mode), standbymode (standby mode), and suspendmode (pause mode) in sequence ). If the hard disk does not take any action within the selected time range, it enters the next power-saving mode in sequence.

Fanmonitor(Xxxxrpm)
The built-in monitoring device of the motherboard can detect the fan speed (in turn/second). If the fan that supports this function is not installed, select ignore (ignore) to avoid error messages.

Thermalmonitor(Xxxc/xxxf)
The built-in monitoring device of the motherboard can detect the temperature of the CPU and motherboard. If ignore is selected, no error message is displayed when the CPU and motherboard temperature is abnormal.

Voltagemonitor(Xx. XV)
Built-in monitoring devices on the motherboard can detect system voltage values. If ignore is selected, no error message is displayed when the system voltage is abnormal.

Pnpandpcisetup: plug-and-play and PCI settings
Pnposinstalled(Whether to install the PNP operating system. The default value is no)
If you are using an operating system with the plug-and-play (PNP) function (such as Windows 95, 98), you can select YES.

Slotxirq(The interrupt value of the PCI slot. The default value is auto)
This parameter is used to set the IRQ value for each PCI slot. The items include Na, 9,10, 11,12, 13,14, 15, and auto (automatically set by BIOS ).

Pcilatencytimer(Default value: 32 pciclock)
Using "32pciclock" will make the motherboard the fastest PCI speed.

Irqxxusedbyisa(Default value: No/ICU)
This API is used to reserve a specific IRQ to a non-pnp isa card.

Dmaxxusedbyisa(Default value: No/ICU)
Used to reserve a specific DMA channel to a non-pnp isa card.

Isamemblockbase(Default value: No/ICU)
The size and address of the memory block reserved for the ISA card.

Symbiosscsibios(Default value: auto)
This function can be used to enable the built-in ncrscsibios using auto. You can select disable to cancel this function.

Usbfunction(The default value is disable)
This function is used to enable the USB function. This motherboard supports the universal serial port (US, but the operating system does not yet support the USB function. Therefore, the default value is disable ).

[Loadbiosdefault] (default value for loading BIOS parameters)
This function is optional when the system is not stable after installation. At this time, the system will cancel some high-performance Operation Mode settings, but in the most conservative state. In this way, the user can boot smoothly and locate the problem. When this item is selected, the following message is displayed on the main screen:

Loadbiosdefaults (y/n )?
Type Y and press enter to execute this function.
[Note]: This setting does not affect the setting value of CMOS storage.

[Loadsetupdefaults] load the default value
This is the factory-defined BIOS value. In this case, the system operates in an optimized mode. When this function is selected, the following message is displayed on the main screen:

Loadsetupdefaults (y/n )?
Type Y and press enter to execute this function.

[Supervisorpasswordanduserpassword] (password setting)
This function is used to set the password for system and setup. This function must be used with the securityoption in biosfeaturessetup.
[Note]: If you forget the password, you need to clear the CMOS content before you can reboot.

[Idehddautodetection] (Disk Type Automatic Detection)
This option automatically detects the specifications and related parameters of the IDE hard disk and stores them in the CMOS settings (biosstandardcmossetup.

[Saveandexitsetup]Save the set value and exit the set main screen.

[Exitwithoutsaving]Leave the set main screen directly without storing the set value