After reading, you are the computer maintenance engineer.

The basic method of §1.2 computer maintenance

I. Observation of the Law

Observation is the first method in the process of maintenance judgment, which runs through the whole maintenance process. Observation should be not only serious, but also comprehensive. The things to observe include:

1, the surrounding environment;

2, hardware environment. including connectors, seats and slots, etc.;

3, Software environment;

4, the user to operate the custom, the process

Second, minimum system method

Minimum system is the most basic hardware and software environment that can make a computer boot or run from the angle of maintenance judgment. There are two forms of the smallest system:

Hardware minimum system: consists of power supply, motherboard and CPU. In this system, there is no signal cable connection, only the power supply to the motherboard power connection. In the process of judging, it is through the sound to judge whether the core component can work properly.

Software minimum system: consists of power supply, motherboard, CPU, memory, display card/monitor, keyboard and hard disk. This minimum system is mainly used to determine whether the system can perform normal start-up and operation.

For the software minimum environment, the "software" has the following points to explain:

1, the software environment in the hard disk, keep the original software environment, only in the analysis and judgment, according to the need for isolation, such as unloading, shielding and so on. Retain the original software environment, mainly used to analyze and judge the application software problems

2, the software environment in the hard disk, only a basic operating system environment (may be unloaded all applications, or reinstall a clean operating system), and then according to the needs of analysis and judgment, loading the required application. Need to use a clean operating system environment, is to determine the system problem, software conflicts or hardware and the conflict between the problems.

3, under the software minimum system, you can add or change the appropriate hardware as needed. For example, when judging a startup failure, because the hard drive does not start, you want to check if you can boot from another drive. At this point, you can add a floppy drive under the software minimum system or simply replace the hard drive with a floppy drive to check. Another example: In the judgment of audio and video faults, should need to add a sound card in the software minimum system, when judging network problems, should be in the software minimum system to add a network card.

The minimum system method is mainly to determine whether the system can work properly in the most basic software and hardware environment. If can not work correctly, can determine the most basic hardware and software components have trouble, thus play the role of fault isolation.

The minimum system method combined with the incremental method can quickly locate the failure of other board software and improve the maintenance efficiency.

Third, step-by-Step Add/Remove method

Gradually add the method, based on the smallest system, each time only add a part/device or software to the system, to check whether the phenomenon disappeared or changed, in order to determine and locate the fault site.

The step-by-step removal is just the opposite of the step-by-step approach to adding the method.

The gradual addition/removal method should be combined with the replacement method to accurately locate the fault site.

Iv. Segregation Law

is a method of judging the hardware or software that may obstruct the fault judgment. It can also be used to distinguish conflicting hardware and software from each other to determine whether a fault has changed.

The hardware and software shielding mentioned above, for the software, that is, to stop its operation, or uninstall, for hardware, in Device Manager, disable, uninstall its driver, or simply remove the hardware from the system.