Recently turned to a "bird brother's Linux private dishes." This is a basic book, lofty high-rise floor, will not much but can learn. This is a few of my knowledge points, although very basic. Hope to share with you.
8th Linux disk and file system Management
First, Linux Disk Management
1, the file system will usually put two parts of the data in separate blocks,permissions and attributes placed into the InodeInThe actual data is put into the block of data blockIn
2. Locate the fileInode, you willknowThe data that is placed in this file.BlockNumber, you can read thethe actual data for the file, OH.
3. The file system used by U disk is generally fat format.
4. Defragmentation:to bring together the block that the same file belongs to by defragmenting it, which makes it easier to read the data.
5. There is a boot sector at the front of the file system, which can be installed with the boot loader.
6. Block size and quantity can not be changed after the format is finished.
7. The content of each block can only be placed in one file.
8.
DF-----This command can be
bring up the device that is currently mounted
9, when the Ext2 file system under Linux creates a directory, ext2 allocates an inode with at least one block to the directory.
10.Ls-i View the files in the root directoryinode number occupied。
11. When a new file is created under Linux ext2, Ext2 assigns an inode with the number of blocks relative to the file size to the file.
12, ^ (*￣ (oo) ￣) ^ Red Hat's chief kernel developer isMichaelk.johnson(Great God ah ah)
13.An operation that combines a file system with a directory tree, called a mount。
14, mount point must be a directory, the directory for entry into the file system.
simple operation of the file system
disk-to-directory capacity: Df,du
①DF: Lists the overall file systemamount of disk usage
du:EvaluationDisk usage of the file system (commonly used to estimate the capacity of the catalog)
②df-h It is displayed in the form of GB,MB,KB, which is easier to read.
Df-i does not use the hard disk capacity, the number of inode to display.
③du directly to file system to find all file data
Connection file: ln
There are two ways to link files in Linux ①: one is
Windows-like shortcut functionsAble to quickly connect to the target file.
The other is
generating new file names via Inode connections to the file systemInstead of new files, this is called
Hard Connect。
IiHard
LinkJust create a new item in a directory
The associated record of the file name connected to an inode numberOnly.
③ If you delete any file name, the Inode and block still exist.
④hard Link simply writes an associated data to the block in the directory, and irritation does not increase the inode and consumes the block number.
⑤
symbloclic Link (Symbolic links, which are shortcuts), are
Create a stand-alone file, this file allows the data to be read
The filename of the file to which it is connected。
9th Linux disk and file system management
one, the use of compressed files and technology
1, the use of a number of complex computing methods, these
The unused space is thrown out .To make the file occupy less space
Another is the statistical recording of repeated data.
Common compression Commands
*. Z COMPERSS Program Compressed Files
*.gz Files that are compressed by the GZIP program
*.bz2 BZIP2 Program Compressed Files
Gzip File name, compressed files using gzip in Windows system, can be decompressed with WinRAR
Package Command Tar
①windows's winrar also supports decompression of tar.gz filenames
② parameter:-j Compression/decompression via BZIP2 support
-Z Compression/decompression via GZIP support
-P Save the permissions and properties of the original file
③ View data contents of tar ' File: Tar-jtv-f/root/etc/tar/bz2
④ Unpacking: Tar
-JXV-f/root/etc/tar/bz2
⑤ only unlocks a single file: Tar-jtv-f/root/etc/tar/bz2 | grep ' Shadow '
grep selects the function of the keyword
Unpack files: Tar-jxv-f package files. tar.bz2 file name to be unpacked
The ⑥ package directory, but does not contain some of the files in this directory practice:
Tar-jcv-f/root/system.tar.bz2--exclude=/root/etc* \
>--exclude=/root/system.tar.bz2/etc/root
exclude is not meant to be included.
⑦ only back up new files than at some point
FIND/ETC-
newer/etc/passwd
⑧ Backup of/home/root/etc to/DEV/ST0 tape drive: Tar -CV -f/dev/st0/home/root/etc
Backup command dump and restore
①restore-r restoring the entire file system
② querying the difference between a file system and a backup file: Restore-c-f/root/boot.dump
second, the CD-ROM writing tool
1, Process: will need
backed-up dataBuilt as a
image file ISO, UseMkisofsCommand
The image file
BurnTo the disc, usingCdrecordCommand processing
2. Mkisofs: Create a new image file
Mkisofs-o image File
Finally, I like the sentence :
vision is above ability, ability is greater than income, this is the right track
Bird Brother Linux Private cuisine Knowledge points Summary 8 to 9 chapters
