Bus and computer characters

1. Bus)

Bus refers to the standardized data exchange among computer components, which provides data transmission and control logic for each component in a common way. From another perspective, if mother board is a city, the bus is like a bus in the city, which can follow a fixed route, transmits bits that are continuously running back and forth ). These lines can transmit only one bit at a time. Therefore, you must use multiple lines at the same time to transmit more data. The number of data that can be transmitted simultaneously on the bus is called width. The larger the bus width, the unit is bit, the better the transmission performance. The bus bandwidth (that is, the total number of data that can be transmitted per unit time) is: bus bandwidth = frequency x width (Bytes/sec ).

 

2. Font Length

A string of binary characters transmitted and computed as a whole in a computerCodeIt is called a computer word. The binary digits contained in a word are called the word length. For example, if a computer transfers data in 8 bits, and the basic operation is performed at the same time with 8 bits, the word length of this machine is 8 bits, also known as 8 bits. If 16 bits are used as a whole for transmission and operation, the character length of this machine is 16 bits, which are called 16 bits. In addition, the Unit of bytes is often used in computers. One byte is the 8-bit binary number. The character length of a computer is usually an integer multiple of a byte, such as 16-bit machines (2 bytes), 32-bit machines (4 bytes), and 64-bit machines (8 bytes ).

The word length is related to the speed of the computer. For example, a 32-bit binary system can be used to complete computation on a 32-bit machine or an 8-bit machine, assume that the operation speed is the same, but because an 8-bit machine needs to splice 4 bytes into a 32-bit length, and the operation is performed by byte, therefore, you must perform multiple operations to complete the result of one operation on a 32-bit machine. In this sense, 32-bit servers are much faster than 8-bit servers. From the development process of microcomputer, we can see that there were only four machines, eight machines, 16 machines, and 32 computers. It can be seen that the longer the word length, the more perfect and more developed the computer technology and devices. Therefore, the longer the word length, the better the performance speed of the same type of machine.

The word length refers to the width (number of digits) of data transmitted between registers, receivers, internal data bus, and other components in the microprocessor. bytes are the basic unit of computer storage capacity, and one byte is equal to 8 bits. The length is generally an integer multiple of the byte, such as 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, and 64-bit. The longer the word length, the higher the computing precision and the stronger the function. The larger the primary storage capacity is supported. Therefore, if the computer's word length is 4B, it means that the CPU can process 32 bits at a time, that is, 4 bytes of data.

The computing speed is a performance indicator describing the CPU speed of a computer. Generally, the calculation speed is based on the number of basic addition commands executed per second. Because the time for a computer to execute different commands varies greatly, addition commands are the most basic and the minimum execution time, therefore, the time of the addition command is used as the standard to measure the computing speed of the computer. The calculation speed is measured in MIPS (Millions of commands per second). For example, if the calculation speed of a computer is 4 MIPS, it indicates that 4 million commands are executed on average per second. This computer is called 4 million computers.

Storage Capacity the storage capacity is an indicator of the computer's ability to store information. It actually only refers to the size of the internal storage device. Generally, it is expressed by the product of the number of words that can be stored and the number of digits that can be long, the Unit is bit ). For example, if a computer has 16 characters and the memory can store 32 k characters (1 k = 1024), the storage capacity of the computer is 32 × 1024 × 16 characters, or 32 K × 16 bits. Some computer storage capacity units are expressed in bytes B (byte), KB (1kb = 1024 bytes), or MB (1 MB = 1000kb = 1000 × 1024 bytes. For example, the storage capacity of 32 KB indicates that the binary information of 32 × 1024 bytes can be stored.

 

3. Experience

After studying computers for more than 10 years, I have understood what the bus means. I used to understand this word, and it was quite awkward to listen to it. Now I think about it, how absurd is it to translate bus into a bus? What is the relationship between the two? It's called bus. It's more direct, more friendly, and better to understand, but the bus is too abstract. It's easy for people who have just been in touch with computers to understand what this is, so poor. I advise them to translate, if you do not have such talented original translations, please do not create new words by yourself, or keep your original bus! Don't miss your child.

 

Now, after reading the popular commentary on Wikipedia, I immediately understood that if the main board is a city, the bus is actually a bus, it ships BITs between parts, and the maximum number of passengers that the bus can transport at the same time is called a computer word, which consists of binary bits, it is like the number of seats on a bus. In the first example, there were eight seats in a bus, that is, eight seats in a computer, that is, one byte. After the development, the larger the bus, the larger the number of seats, and the larger the size of one word, the more 16-bit, 32-bit, and 64-bit seats.

 

In other words, it is like there are 64 small lines in this coarse line, each of which is a bit. When data is transmitted, if one signal is used to transmit a batch of data, these 64 small lines transmit 64-bit data in an instant, that is, 8 bytes. This is naturally more powerful than a 32-bit machine.

 

References:

Three basic indicators of a computer: Word Length, computing speed, and storage capacity
Http://55tulip.blog.51cto.com/518541/110269

Bus
Http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF
Http://baike.baidu.com/view/1389.htm