Classification of computer systems

1, according to the Processing Machine performance classification
2. Flynn classification
3. Cook classification
4. Feng Zeyun Classification
5. Handler classification

Classification by Processing Machine performance
1. Divide by size
Category: Mega, large, medium, small, microcomputer
Division principle: Performance as a feature, by Price to divide
There is a problem: the standard of demarcation is changed over time, and no level is lowered by about 5 years.
Design method: Highest Performance Special purpose
Best performance price than average commercial computer
Lowest price home computers, etc.
2. Classification by use
Category: Scientific computing, transaction processing, real-time control, workstations, servers, home computers, etc.
Division principle:
Scientific calculations: Floating-point computation speed
Transaction processing: Character processing, decimal arithmetic
Real-time Control: Interrupt response speed, I/O capability
Workstations: Graphics processing capabilities
Server: processing speed, data storage capability
Home computers: Inexpensive, software-rich
Development direction: Universal processor with all the above functions
All kinds of special processor, coprocessor, embedded processor
3. Classification by data type
Fixed-point computers, Frond, vector computers, stack computers, etc.
4, according to the number of processors and type Division
Single processor
Parallel processing machine, multiprocessor, distributed processor
Correlation processor
Superscalar processor, ultra-line processing machine, VLIW processor
SMP (symmetric multiprocessor), MPP (massively parallel processors), cluster (Cluster) systems, etc.
5, according to the use of the device division
The era of computer systems based on the devices used
First generation: Electronic tube (valve) computer
Second generation: Transistors (transistor) computers
Third generation: Integrated circuit (LSI) computers
Fourth generation: LSI (VLSI) computers
Fifth generation: Intelligent computer?
Most of the current computer systems are VLSI computers.

Flynn taxonomy
Presented by Michael.j.flynn in 1966
Classification according to the multi-fold characteristics of instruction flow and data flow
Instruction Flow: Sequence of instructions executed by the machine
Data flow: A sequence of data called by the instruction stream
Multiplicity: The maximum number of instructions or data that are simultaneously in the same execution phase on a system performance bottleneck.
Four types of
(1) Single instruction stream single data stream SISD (mono instruction one Datastream)
(2) SIMD (single instruction multiple Datastream) with one instruction stream multiple data stream
(3) Multi-instruction flow single data stream MISD (multiple instruction a Datastream)
(4) multi-instruction stream multi-stream MIMD (multiple instruction multiple Datastream)
SISD Typical single processor
SIMD Parallel processing machine, array processor, vector processor, correlation processor, superscalar processor, ultra-line processing machine
Multiple PU interconnect in a certain way, under the same CU control, the respective data to complete the operation of the same instruction: from the CU see instruction sequence execution, from the PU view data parallel execution.
MISD several instructions for different processing of the same data, actually does not exist
MIMD Multiprocessor System

Cook taxonomy
Presented by D.j.kuck in 1978
Classification by control flow and execution flow, four types
(1) Single instruction flow single execution flow
SISE (Single instruction a executionstream) typical processor
(2) Single instruction flow multi-execution flow
SIME (Single instruction multiple Executionstream)
Multi-function parts processor, connected processor, vector processor, pipeline processing machine, ultra-line processing machine, superscalar processor, SIMD parallel processing machine
(3) Multi-instruction flow mise (multiple instruction single executionstream)
Multi-Channel program system
(4) multi-instruction stream multi-execution stream MIME (multiple instruction multiple Executionstream)
Typical multi-processor

Feng Zeyun Taxonomy
1972 Chinese-American Feng Zeyun proposed that the maximum degree of parallelism in the computer system to classify the maximum number of bits per unit time.

Handler taxonomy
Proposed by Wolfgan Handler in 1977, also known as the ESC (Erlange classification Scheme) classification, the computer hardware structure is divided into three levels according to the parallelism and pipeline classification, and their parallelism and flow processing degree are considered respectively.

Classification of computer systems