=============== installation and Landing commands =============================================================
Mount: Mount command. Designate storage media as a directory in the system (access resources in other file systems under running Linux), such as Mount Optical drives Mount/dev/cdrom
Mount the CDROM to view content under directory/mnt/cdrom.
Umount: Uninstall command, such as Uomunt/dev/cdrom.
Exit: Exit the terminal command.
Shutdown: Shut down the Linux system and add parameters later, such as shutdown now.
Reboot: Restart Linux.
Halt: Hangs the system but does not shut down.
Chsh: Change the shell that logged into the system.
TTY: Displays the file name of the terminal connection standard input device.
=============== File Processing command =============================================================
LS: Displays the current directory contents. The Add parameter path can display the specified directory contents,/specific referring to the root directory.
-L: Displays detailed information such as permissions for files in the directory.
-all: Displays the most detailed information.
|more can display the directory file information, enter follow-up, Shift+page up/down page.
Find: Finds files. The format is: Find. -name "*.java" or find. -name \*.java, where. Represents the current directory,-name represents the lookup by name, * that is, a wildcard character.
RM: Delete the directory or file. Add parameter-RF Strong Delete a non-empty directory. For example, to delete the target file under the current file recursively, using:
Find. -name *.o-type f-exec rm-f {} \;
CD: Enter a directory. /indicates the Linux root directory
CD ~ Return to the user directory under Home
Cd.. Return to upper level directory
CP: Copy command.
CP 1.txt usr/local/arm Copy the 1.txt file in the current directory to the target directory
./: Executes the current directory application, followed by the application name to do the parameter
Cat: View the contents of a file, followed by the file name, if the file content is too long, execute
Cat file name | Less up and down key move
Cat/proc/version viewing the Linux kernel version
Cat/proc/meminfo Viewing memory information
Cat/proc/asound/cards Viewing sound card information
Cat > file name the cat output is relocated to the back file and overwrites the file
Cat **.wav >/DEV/SND/DSP or cat **.wav >/dev/snd/audio play audio file enable
Cat/proc/asound/oss/sndstat Viewing OSS configuration information
Cat/prop/asound/version View ALSA version
Cat/proc/interrupts Viewing interrupt assignment information
MORE: Similar to cat, but will be a page by page display, the Space bar page, the letter B will go back to a page display
mkdir: Create Directory command. Or create the next level directory under an existing directory, you cannot create a multi-tier catalog at one time
diff: Compare two text lines at a line
diff file1 File2 Get N1, N2 c N3, N4, where n1n2 refers to a number of lines in the first file, and N3n4 refers to a number of rows in the second file.
Middle letter A means add, d means delete, C refers to modify
Make Menuconfig: Graphical interface configuration system kernel parameters
MV: Move or rename files or directories
MV name1 PPP renaming NAME1 to PPP
MV name1/usr/moving files to the target directory
Apt-get: Used to automatically find the installation software, update software, generally require root permissions, generally require root permissions, so the format is
sudo apt-get install installation
sudo apt-get Remove Uninstall
sudo apt-get upgrade upgrade
Fgrep: Global find command to find specific string literals in all text files in a specific directory
Fgrep "Unable to install HW params" external/alsa-lib/*-r similar to grep function
|: Pipe command, usually the output of the left command of the pipeline as a command input to the right of the pipe
Head: View the first few lines of a file
Head-5/etc/passwd Viewing the first five elements of a file
Tail: View the following lines of a file
TAIL-10/ETC/PASSWD viewing the following 10 lines of a file
Alsa_aplay: Play Test sound command
Alsa_aplay Xxx.wav
Alsa_amixer: Mixer Information and commands
Alsa_alsact1:alsa Control
Arecord: The plus-l parameter lists the current digital audio device, plus-l lists the current PCM device.
arecord-d Device name Xxx.wav can be recorded
=============== System Administration Command =============================================================
PWD: Displays the full current working directory
Source: Typically used to re-execute a newly modified initialization file for immediate effect without having to log off and log back on
SOURCE ~/.BASHRC changes the environment variable to take effect immediately
LS Dev: Display system device
DF: Displays current system disk usage and mount information
Top: Display resource status, similar to XP-based resource Manager
Free: Displays system memory usage
At: Perform a specific action at a specified time
AddUser: Add a user to the home directory
Useradd: With AddUser is a thing
Groupadd: Create a new group
Unzip: extracting Zip files
Gzip: Compress files into. gz files
Gunzip: extracting. gz files
Last: Lists information about past and current users logged into the system
LSPCI: View hardware chipset with LSPCI-V
LSUSB: Display system USB Bus device information
Lsmod: Displays the module information that the system has loaded
Uname: View system hardware and software information
Uname-r-m-p-I get information such as kernel version and processor architecture
Insmod: Load module, Linux many functions are through the way of the module, when needed to load kernel
Rmmod: Uninstalling the module
RPM: Features similar to "Add/Remove Programs" in Windows,
Rpm-q modutils Query System There is no Modutils package
MPlayer: Use the toolkit to debug and use sound
MPlayer Xxx.wav plays an audio file that displays the device used for the current audio
Mplayer-ao Alsa xxx.wav to play with ALSA audio components
FDISK: Display disk mount and assignment information
sudo fdisk-l display mount point, purpose
DMESG: Print kernel information, some print statements are output to the kernel rather than the terminal
Lsof: Show all processes that open files, etc.
Lsof Abc.txt shows the process of opening abc.txt
=============== Network Operation Command =============================================================
Service Network restart: After configuring the network service, restart
IP: Integrated with ipconfig and route two instructions
Ping: Like XP, CTRL + C stop command
Netstat: Displaying network connections, routing tables, and network interface information
Telnet: Turn on the terminal stage job and log in to the remote host
Rlogin: Open terminal stage and log in to remote host
Finger: Display the user name, home directory, stall time, login shell and other information of a user in the system
Mail: Message information
W3W: Terminal login in text version browser
=============== System security Command =============================================================
passwd: Change Password
Su: Change to the identity of other users, except for superuser, you need to type the user's password
Umask: Determines the default mode in which you create the file, as opposed to the chmod command, such as: Umask 777
sudo: A tool that allows a system administrator to allow an ordinary user to perform some or all of the root commands
chmod: Change file permissions.
chmod 777 cc Set CC permissions to 777
The first bit is the file owner, the second is the group permission, and the third is the other person's permission.
The permissions for each bit are read (4), write permission (2) and Execute permission (1)
Chown: Changing the owner and group associated with a file
Chown Jim Program.c-PROGRAM.C user access right now applies to Jim
Chown-r JOHN:BUILD/TMP/SRC Associates All files below the SRC directory to user John, group build
===============vi Edit Command =============================================================
VI Editor Operation:
Exit: ESC, press SHIFT+:,Q. Where q! forced to quit, Wq after saving
Edit: Press I to enter edit mode
Find: Press ESC to exit edit mode, execute "/word" to find the string, press N to find the next
Copy: Press ESC to exit edit mode,
Copy the current line: by YY, jump cursor to the target line;
Copy Multiple lines: Enter the number of lines, and then press YY, jump cursor to the actually navigation
Paste: Jump cursor to target line after copy, press P
=============== compression and Decompression commands =============================================================
. tar.gz types
Decompression: Tar zxvf FileName.tar.gz
Compression: Tar zcvf FileName.tar.gz DirName
Compress the contents of the dirname into a compressed document named after the filename.
. tar.bz2 types
Decompression: Tar jxvf FileName.tar.bz2
Compression: Tar jcvf FileName.tar.bz2 DirName
. Tar types
Decompression: Tar xvf Filename.tar
Package: Tar cvf filename.tar DirName
This command does not function as a compression
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Common Commands under Linux